Hyaluronic acid in synovial fluid. I. Molecular parameters of hyaluronic acid in normal and arthritic human fluids

Balazs, E.A.; Watson, Donald R.; Duff, Ivan F.; Roseman, Saul

doi:10.1002/art.1780100407

Cited by 502 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The weight-average molecular weight of HYA in normal synovial fluid in man has been estimated to 7 Ϯ 0.5 ϫ 10 6 [19,20]. In synovial fluid from patients with joint disorders primarily of either inflammatory type (RA), or degenerative (OA), the mean molecular weight is decreased (RA ϭ 3-5 ϫ 10 6 ) [19,20], although the fraction which is of very high molecular weight remains considerable in spite of severe arthropathy. In these conditions there is an increase of the total HYA content of the joint, but the concentration is decreased by dilution of the synovial fluid.…”

Section: Turnover Of Hyaluronan In Joint Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyaluronan in joint disease

Engström‐Laurent

1997

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Engström‐Laurent A (University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden). Hyaluronan in joint disease (Minisymposium: Hyaluronan). J Intern Med 1997; 242: 57–60. Hyaluronan is a major component of synovial fluid. It is synthesized in the joint and partly degraded in joint capsule and partly carried by lymph to lymph nodes and the general circulation. During various joint disorders, especially inflammatory ones, the amount of hyaluronan in the joint and its turnover rate are increased leading to pathologically high serum levels of the polysaccharide. These levels are a complex function of synovitis mass and the physical activity of the patient. Intra‐articular injection of hyaluronan has been used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Although it results in a relief of pain, controlled clinical trials have not yet convincingly shown any beneficiary effects of the treatment.

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Section: Turnover Of Hyaluronan In Joint Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyaluronan in joint disease

Engström‐Laurent

1997

Journal of Internal Medicine

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“…As HA is an anionic polyelectrolyte able to interact with positive charges on proteins, the viscoelasticity of SF may be related to the formation of a complex of HA and proteins forming a physical threedimensional network [17,29,57,58]. Inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases, mainly OA, are responsive to modifications of the SF characterized by a decrease in the amount of HA molecules of high molecular weight and in the concentration of HA at least partly as a result of exudation [9,55]. The mechanisms of degradation of HA have been described [3,41,45,[49][50][51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HA in healthy adults is claimed to have a molecular weight in the range of 4 to 5 9 10 6 Da [7]. Its synovial concentration ranges from 2.5 to 4 mg/mL [7,9,14,48,58], which grossly corresponds to a total amount of 4 to 8 mg HA in a healthy person in which the volume of SF is assumed to be 0.5 to 4 mL [7,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheologic Behavior of Osteoarthritic Synovial Fluid after Addition of Hyaluronic Acid: A Pilot Study

Mathieu

Conrozier

Vignon

et al. 2009

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Viscosupplementation is a symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) intended to restore rheologic homeostasis of the synovial fluid by injecting hyaluronic acid intraarticularly. Despite the long history of this therapy, little is known about its mechanisms of action and differences between commercial preparations. We investigated the rheologic behavior of OA synovial fluid with time, when stored at 4°C, before and after the addition of two hyaluronic acid commercial preparations (linear and cross-linked). Thirteen OA synovial fluids were stored at 4°C and assayed using steric exclusion chromatography, which allows hyaluronic acid to be separated from the remaining pool of proteins and its molecular weight and concentration to be determined without any pretreatment and calibration. The synovial fluid rheology also was studied in vitro, before and after addition of two viscosupplements, over 6 weeks. The non-Newtonian behavior of synovial fluid throughout followup appears to be the result of loose interactions between proteins and hyaluronic acid. When mixed with the linear hyaluronic acid, synovial fluid becomes less non-Newtonian whereas the non-Newtonian behavior was reinforced when mixed with the cross-linked hyaluronic acid. The rheology was nearly unchanged for all synovial fluids over 6 weeks. Our preliminary trial shows it is possible to study synovial fluid, stored at 4°C, over a long time and suggests the enzymatic degradation of hyaluronic acid is negligible under these experimental conditions.

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“…The molecular weight of naturally occurring HA varies between 10 5 and 10 7 g mol Ϫ1 . 6,7 It can also be produced from strains of Streptococcus bacteria. It is then easier to produce, extract, and purify and leads to attaining a polymer free of proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydration of polysaccharide hyaluronan observed by IR spectrometry. I. Preliminary experiments and band assignments

Haxaire¹,

Maréchal²,

Milas³

et al. 2002

Biopolymers

193

152

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This article is the first one in a series dedicated to the study of hyaluronan as observed by IR spectrometry. The goal is to determine its hydration mechanism and the structural changes this mechanism implies. Hyaluronan is a natural polysaccharide that is widely used in biomedical applications and cosmetics. Its macroscopic properties are significantly dependent on its degree of hydration. In this article we record the IR spectrum of a several micron thick dried film and deduce that four or five residual H 2 O molecules remain around each disaccharide repeat unit in the dried film. We then compare the spectra of sodium hyaluronan and its acid form to assign vibrational bands linked to the carboxylate group. We proceed with a qualitative analysis of the spectral changes induced by changes of temperature and hygroscopicity, two independent parameters that act by modifying the hydrogen bond network of the sample. This enables us to assign most of the vibrational bands of the hydrophilic groups and to distinguish the bands that are due to these hydrophilic groups when they are or are not hydrogen bonded. It constitutes a prerequisite for the quantitative analysis of hydration spectra that will be described in the following articles of this series.

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Hyaluronic acid in synovial fluid. I. Molecular parameters of hyaluronic acid in normal and arthritic human fluids

Cited by 502 publications

References 45 publications

Hyaluronan in joint disease

Hyaluronan in joint disease

Rheologic Behavior of Osteoarthritic Synovial Fluid after Addition of Hyaluronic Acid: A Pilot Study

Hydration of polysaccharide hyaluronan observed by IR spectrometry. I. Preliminary experiments and band assignments

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