Hybrid atom-photon quantum gate in a superconducting microwave resonator

Pritchard, Jonathan D.; Isaacs, Joshua; Beck, Mattias; McDermott, Robert; Saffman, M.

doi:10.1103/physreva.89.010301

Cited by 71 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This would potentially open up a new regime for analog quantum simulation with the spectrum of photonic modes tailored by the circuit parameters making up the metamaterial. In addition to superconducting qubits, our metamaterial design is also compatible with coupling to nanomechanical devices [52], quantum-dot qubits [53,54], or even qubits based on hyperfine transitions in trapped ions or Rydberg atoms in hybrid superconducting/atomic systems [55]. For a general discrete transmission line, such as the circuit sketched in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode Structure in Superconducting Metamaterial Transmission-Line Resonators

et al. 2019

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Superconducting metamaterials are a promising resource for quantum information science. In the context of circuit QED, they provide a means to engineer on-chip, novel dispersion relations and a band structure that could ultimately be utilized for generating complex entangled states of quantum circuitry, for quantum reservoir engineering, and as an element for quantum simulation architectures.Here we report on the development and measurement at millikelvin temperatures of a particular type of circuit metamaterial resonator composed of planar superconducting lumped-element reactances in the form of a discrete left-handed transmission line (LHTL) that is compatible with circuit QED architectures. We discuss the details of the design, fabrication, and circuit properties of this system. As well, we provide an extensive characterization of the dense mode spectrum in these metamaterial resonators, which we conducted using both microwave transmission measurements and laser scanning microscopy (LSM). Results are observed to be in good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations and also an analytical model based upon current-voltage relationships for a discrete transmission line. In particular, we demonstrate that the metamaterial mode frequencies, spatial profiles of current and charge densities, and damping due to external loading can be readily modeled and understood, making this system a promising tool for future use in quantum circuit applications and for studies of complex quantum systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode Structure in Superconducting Metamaterial Transmission-Line Resonators

et al. 2019

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“…Motivated by recent advances in high-efficiency detectors [28][29][30] and high-efficiency cavity-fiber coupling [31][32][33][34][35][36], here we consider a minimalistic approach to produce logical states and correct errors in photonic systems with the aim of building a high-bit-rate quantum repeater. We assume continuing progress in recent demonstrations of single-photon nonlinear gates [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] between light and matter qubits, and consider the ]] 4, 2, 2 encoded photonic qubits in a polarization basis (time binning may also be used). Single photons are generated and entangled using a single quantum dot in an optical cavity (red box), with each sent after generation to be entangled with a quantum dot (blue box) acting as a short-term quantum memory for teleportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our goal is to implement QECC-based teleportation of this signal to a new set of photons with sequential, singleshot interactions using stationary (matter) qudits. We will further restrict ourselves to using a cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED)-based controlled phase gate [41,43,45,46], arbitrary local operations and measurements on single matter qudits, and Hadamard-type photon gates. These choices are designed to be consistent with recent progress in single-photon phase gates and on-chip photonics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serialized quantum error correction protocol for high-bandwidth quantum repeaters

2016

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Advances in single-photon creation, transmission, and detection suggest that sending quantum information over optical fibers may have losses low enough to be correctable using a quantum error correcting code (QECC). Such error-corrected communication is equivalent to a novel quantum repeater scheme, but crucial questions regarding implementation and system requirements remain open. Here we show that long-range entangled bit generation with rates approaching 10 8 entangled bits per second may be possible using a completely serialized protocol, in which photons are generated, entangled, and error corrected via sequential, one-way interactions with as few matter qubits as possible. Provided loss and error rates of the required elements are below the threshold for quantum error correction, this scheme demonstrates improved performance over transmission of single photons. We find improvement in entangled bit rates at large distances using this serial protocol and various QECCs. In particular, at a total distance of 500 km with fiber loss rates of 0.3 dB km −1 , logical gate failure probabilities of 10 −5 , photon creation and measurement error rates of 10 −5 , and a gate speed of 80 ps, we find the maximum single repeater chain entangled bit rates of 51 Hz at a 20 m node spacing and 190 000 Hz at a 43 m node spacing for the [[ ]] 3, 1, 2 3 and [[ ]] 7, 1, 3 QECCs respectively as compared to a bare success rate of 1×10 −140 Hz for single photon transmission. limits for quantum-error-corrected quantum repeaters when we simultaneously minimize the number of matter qubits required, make few assumptions about long-term matter qubit coherence, and require that each photon interacts sequentially, and singly, with each matter qubit. We call this design a serial quantum repeater, and show in this paper that with current or slightly improved device performance, one-way quantum communication at 1000 km ranges may approach the giga-entangled bit per second range using a stream of entangled photons in a narrow bandwidth over single fibers.The quantum repeater protocol laid out in [26] uses teleportation based error correction to correct photonic errors in a fault tolerant manner. Here, we work along similar lines, now focusing on the explicit serialization of components themselves so that different photons encoding a single logical state may be undergoing simultaneous but distinct operations. Furthermore, by providing some physical realizations for the underlying protocol, it is ensured that the photons need interact only once with any particular element, allowing uninterrupted operation of a repeater node limited only by the physical speed of its slowest operation. The number of matter qudits is then minimized to ensure as few resources are utilized as possible. The required operations for any QECC are detailed, with a focus on general Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes due to their convenient adaptability to this protocol.The signal for our serial repeater is comprised of several photons encoded in a codeword of a QECC; we use...

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“…Quantum communication over long distances can, however, only be accomplished through optical means making it a necessity to build light-matter interfaces at optical frequencies [5,13]. This has stimulated immense interest in devising ways of efficiently coupling optical photons to SC systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Tremendous success have been achieved in coupling photons to SC qubit at microwave frequencies [30,31], while in the optical domain, only limited indirect coupling has been achieved using transducers [32][33][34].…”

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confidence: 99%

Interfacing Superconducting Qubits and Single Optical Photons Using Molecules in Waveguides

et al. 2017

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We propose an efficient light-matter interface at optical frequencies between a single photon and a superconducting qubit. The desired interface is based on a hybrid architecture composed of an organic molecule embedded inside an optical waveguide and electrically coupled to a superconducting qubit placed near the outside surface of the waveguide. We show that high fidelity, photon-mediated, entanglement between distant superconducting qubits can be achieved with incident pulses at the single photon level. Such a low light level is highly desirable for achieving a coherent optical interface with superconducting qubit, since it minimizes decoherence arising from the absorption of light. 42.50.Ex, 85.25.Cp Rapid progress in engineering and control of their physical properties, have made superconducting (SC) qubits, one of the most promising candidates for future quantum processors [1][2][3][4]. If such processors are connected together into a quantum internet [5], it would allow immense applications ranging from secure communication over long distances [6][7][8] to distributed quantum computation [9][10][11] and advanced protocols for distributed sensing and atomic clocks [12]. Quantum communication over long distances can, however, only be accomplished through optical means making it a necessity to build light-matter interfaces at optical frequencies [5,13]. This has stimulated immense interest in devising ways of efficiently coupling optical photons to SC systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Tremendous success have been achieved in coupling photons to SC qubit at microwave frequencies [30,31], while in the optical domain, only limited indirect coupling has been achieved using transducers [32][33][34]. Coherent coupling of quantum fields at optical frequencies to a SC system thus remains an outstanding challenge. A principle obstacle to this is the large mismatch between the energy scales of an optical photon (∼ 1 eV) and a SC qubit (∼ 100 µeV) [30] making the absorption of even a single optical photon a major disturbance for a SC system. In fact such effects are used in SC detectors for detection of optical photons [35]. To suppress such disturbances it is therefore highly desirable to keep the number of optical photons to a minimum.In this letter we propose a scheme to interface optical photons with a SC qubit at light levels involving only a single or a few photons. To achieve this we introduce a hybrid solidstate architecture depicted in Fig. 1(a) comprising, a molecule embedded in an optical waveguide with a SC qubit fabricated near its surface (∼ 100 − 500 nm). In comparison to the magnetic coupling considered previously [23-25, 31, 36-41], a key feature of our scheme is the electric coupling between the molecule and SC qubit. The coupling strength can then be orders of magnitude stronger thus allowing for strong coupling in the system. As the SC qubit we consider a Cooper pair box (CPB) where the two quantum states are defined by a single Cooper pair being on each o...

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Hybrid atom-photon quantum gate in a superconducting microwave resonator

Cited by 71 publications

References 42 publications

Mode Structure in Superconducting Metamaterial Transmission-Line Resonators

Mode Structure in Superconducting Metamaterial Transmission-Line Resonators

Serialized quantum error correction protocol for high-bandwidth quantum repeaters

Interfacing Superconducting Qubits and Single Optical Photons Using Molecules in Waveguides

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