Hybrid bacterial cellulose‐collagen membranes production in culture media enriched with antioxidant compounds from plant extracts

Abstract

Bioactive, structural, and mechanical properties were measured of a cellulose biopolymer produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus using hydrolyzed collagen and phenolic compounds from teas and grape pomace (GP) in an optimized culture medium. Biopolymers were impregnated with an antibiotic to investigate possible antibacterial activities. Hybrid bacterial cellulose (BC)-collagen membranes obtained from cultures with green tea and a ternary mixture (TM) of teas with GP presented a high concentration of phenolic compounds (879.7 and 1312.8 mg gallic acid equivalent per liter) and antioxidant activity (973.3 and 575.9 mmol/g), respectively. BC membranes included a nanodimensional network of microfibrils, and the addition of hydrolyzed collagen in the TM of teas in situ resulted in thicker structures with improved mechanical properties. BC-collagen membranes pretreated with cephalexin exhibited significant inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The enrichment of the culture media with plant phenolic compounds and collagen resulted in the formation of hybrid BC membranes in a shorter time when compared to those produced without these components. Membranes modified with bioactive compounds in situ and antibiotics ex situ can be turned into potential products for application in biomaterials with antioxidant activity.

Bacterial Cellulose Membrane Containing Epilobium angustifolium L. Extract as a Promising Material for the Topical Delivery of Antioxidants to the Skin

“…Moradian et al obtained similar results on the antioxidant activity of bacterial cellulose membrane with rosemary extracts at two concentrations (25 and 50%) and similarly, the antioxidant activity significantly increased with increasing concentration of the extracts [17]. Fernandes et al reported a high concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of cellulose membranes containing grape pomace [13]. Taokaew et al determined the total polyphenol content of BC films containing ethanolic mangosteen peel extract ranged from 2.06 to 248.20 mg GA/l of dried film [26].…”

“…Therefore, topical application of BC enriched with antioxidant components contained in plants seems to be an interesting option. The incorporation of natural active ingredients into BC can be used for topical regeneration and skincare [13,16]. The penetration of antioxidant substances deep into the skin or their accumulation in the skin also plays an important role.…”

“…When the BCs are modified by incorporating other components as bioactive compounds, new activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory can be observed. Moreover, these modifications can improve structural properties and biocompatibility [13]. In the literature, there are reports of combining BC with various plant extracts, including among others Euclea schimperi [14], Boswellia serrata [15], Camellia sinensis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, H. rosa-sinensis [16], pomegranate peel extract, green tea extract, rosemary extract [17], Scrophularia striata [18], Zingiber officinale root [19], and papain [20].…”

Development of novel biocomposites based on the clean production of microbial cellulose from dairy waste (sour whey)

“…Design of experiment (DoE) is a multipurpose statistical tool for optimal formulation and has been widely applied in the industrial sectors of pharmaceutics, biomedicine, cosmetics, textile, food, and agriculture 16,31,39,45–49 . Herein, DoE was applied to optimize the biosynthesis of KBC from dairy industrial wastes.…”

Obtainment of bacterial cellulose with added propolis extract for cosmetic applications

“…[13][14][15] Polymer modification is an efficient method for improving or adding structural and chemical characteristics to BC films, [9] providing antimicrobial, conductive, magnetic, optical, and other properties. [16] Studies have reported polymer modifications through additive formulations, which can be done in two ways: in situ (during membrane formation) [15,16] or ex situ (after the membrane has already been formed). [7] Such methods are used to provide antimicrobial activity, [6] antioxidant activity, [15,17] and healing properties.…”