Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO Under Multi User Environment

Abose, Tadele A.; Olwal, Thomas O.; Hassen, Murad R.

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-3951-8_28

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, hardware impairment and a multi-cell environment were not considered. The performance of hybrid Kalman-based beam-forming for millimeter wave massive MIMO using multi-cell and multi-users was compared to that of conventional linear beamformers in [31]. Each linear beam-former has a mathematical model for SE under a multi-cell, multiuser scenario, and the performance has been demonstrated using MATLAB software.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid beam-forming techniques for multi-cell massive MIMO

2022

IJATEE

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Various hybrid beam-forming research works are currently underway, as the cost and power consumption of fully digital beam-forming limit its applicability in fifth generation (5G) massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO). A majority of studies assumed that the channel state information (CSI) is perfect, the hardware is ideal and the network is represented as a single-cell scenario. As a result, studies incorporating Kalman-based precoders with existing beamformers for multi-cell systems under non-ideal conditions warrant further investigation. This study aimed to achieve the performance analysis of Kalman hybrid beam-forming technique for multi-cell massive MIMO under hardware impairment and imperfect CSI. The spectral efficiency (SE) of the multi-cell based Kalman hybrid beam-forming technique has been analysed along with zero forcing, minimum mean square error (MMSE), and mean square error (MSE) precoders. It can be seen from the MATLAB simulation that the SE of fully digital MSE, Kalman, MMSE, and zero forcing precoders at signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 20 dB and number of transmitting antennas of 128 under nonideal conditions is 8 bps/Hz, 7 bps/Hz, 5.2 bps/Hz, and 6 bps/Hz respectively. The SE of fully digital, Kalman, MMSE, and zero forcing precoders at SNR of 20 dB for 128 transmitting antennas under ideal conditions is 11 bps/Hz, 9.6 bps/Hz, 7.2 bps/Hz, 8.1 bps/Hz respectively. Additionally, the simulation shows that when the number of transmitting antennas rises and the number of users falls, the SE of beam-formers increases. Increasing the number of transmitting antennas and decreasing the number of users mitigate the effect of hardware impairments and imperfect CSI in a multi-cell based linear beam-formers. Imperfect hardware and CSI, in general, degrade the SE of multi-cell multi-user based linear beamformers.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this subsection, mathematical formulations of SE of extended work of [1,31] for different precoding techniques have been presented. This work constitutes imperfect CSI and imperfect hardware such as RATHI deficiencies and ATN for different precoding techniques for multi-cell multi-user environments.…”

Section: 1system and Channel Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid beam-forming techniques for multi-cell massive MIMO

2022

IJATEE

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“…However, these studies primarily focused on fully digital beamforming with a single RF chain behind every antenna. BS collaboration in mmWave multicell networks was studied in [18], but singlestream communication was only mode of communication possible due to the mobile receiver's single omnidirectional antenna.The wireless industry has recently been encouraged to examine mmWave for cellular networks due to improvements in hardware design, successful outside trials, and the availability of plentiful mmWave spectrum [19].However, due to the excessive demand on real-time signal processing for high BF gains [20], high power consumption, and cost, adopting same number of transceivers may not be practical when a large number of antennas are used to obtain superior BF gains.Therefore, it will be easier and more affordable to construct a BF structure with a lot fewer digital transceivers than total antennas.Analog BF [21], where every transceiver is connected with numerous active antennas as well as signal phase on every antenna is regulated by a network of analogue phase shifters, is an intriguing method of lowering the number of transceivers.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…𝑇 , () 𝑇 is transpose operation. By using 𝑦 𝑘,𝑚 * to make the difficult decision to only take into account kth user in mth subcarrier, SNR can then be entered in (19).…”

Section: Hetnets Zero Forcing Multiuser Propagation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MMwave MIMO in 5G Network Analysis for Spectral Efficiency with Beamforming Based Channel Estimation

Dhabliya¹

2022

ijfrcsce

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5G network has its high energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) has been envisioned as a key technology.This research work is centred on optimal method creation of energy-efficient massive MIMO methods, which is most active research technology in the communication industry.The suggested model, which takes into account a multi-cell model scenario, is a realistic method that improved spectral efficiency (SE) of huge MIMO methods.Base stations (BSs) do channel estimate based on uplink (UL) transmission using least-square (LS), element-wise MMSE, and minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) estimators.This research propose novel technique in MMwaveMIMO 5G network based spectral efficiency and channel estimation. The aim of this research is to enhance the spectral efficiency of MIMO channel using HetNets zero forcing Multiuser propagation models. The channel estimation is carried out based on beamforming using matched filter channel estimation with wide band antenna.Finally, simulation results demonstrate the high channel estimate accuracy and spectrum efficiency that the suggested systems can accomplish.Proposed technique attained sum rate of 85%, spectral efficiency of 93%, DoF of 79%, energy efficiency of 98% and detection accuracy of 96% for number of cells and sum rate of 77%, spectral efficiency of 85%, DoF of 71%, energy efficiency of 92% and detection accuracy of 95% for number of users.

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