Hybrid Bionanocomposites from Spent Hen Proteins

Abstract

Spent hens, a poultry by-product, have little economic value for processing and mostly end up in landfills. However, there are concerns over disposal of spent hens; therefore, it is pertinent to find out alternative uses that are environmentally sound. On the other hand, single-use plastic packaging is leading to a global environmental crisis. In this study, proteins were extracted from spent hen, plasticized, and processed into films by compression molding. The hybrid bionanocomposite films were successfully prepared using glycerol as a plasticizer, chitosan as a cross-linker, and varying concentrations of nanoclay as a nanoreinforcement. The effects of nanoreinforcements, plasticization, and cross-linking were then evaluated on thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of the prepared bionanocomposite films. Various concentrations of nanoclay and chitosan were dispersed in the protein matrix. However, with the same plasticizer loading, the optimum addition of chitosan and nanoclay led to almost twofold increase in the mechanical strength, compared to neat protein films. The results indicated that at optimal conditions, a good intercalation and/or exfoliation of the protein biopolymers into clay interlayer galleries was observed leading to improved thermal, thermomechanical, and barrier properties. These hybrid bionanocomposite films have great future potential to be used in packaging and other applications.

Optimization of Microbial Hydrolysis Parameters of Poultry By-Products Using Probiotic Microorganisms to Obtain Protein Hydrolysates

“…Heads, legs, ridges, and gizzards are by-products formed during the primary processing of poultry and are of limited use in modern food production [4]. The problem of processing by-products of the spent laying hens and parent stock, which are one potential source of proteins, is especially urgent [5]. Collagen, which is part of the by-product connective tissue, is a potential source of not only feed, but also of dietary protein [6].…”

Spent Hen Protein Hydrolysate with Good Gastrointestinal Stability and Permeability in Caco-2 Cells Shows Antihypertensive Activity in SHR

“…Thus, finding a more sustainable solution for spent hen utilization which also yields additional value to the egg industry is highly relevant. Previous work on spent hens has mainly included extraction and characterization of spent hen proteins [ 28 , 30 ], fabrication of nanomaterials [ 30 , 31 , 32 ], and preparation of bioactive peptides [ 29 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. We have previously prepared a spent hen muscle protein hydrolysate (SPH) that exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in young rodents [ 34 ]; a few anti-inflammatory peptides have been identified therein [ 29 ].…”

Recent Advances in Lipid Derived Bio‐Based Materials for Food Packaging Applications

“…Hence, Fick's law is not obeyed for lipid-coated hydrophilic matrices. [131] The activation energy (E) for transmission of permeants through lipidic films is related to the activation energy of the diffusion process and the heat of solution of permeants as follows [131,132] E = E d + ΔH s (2) E d = the activation energy for the process of diffusion; ΔH s = the heat of solution of permeants (gas or vapor) in the lipidic film matrix.…”

“…The extensive use of synthetic nondegradable plastics for food packaging is leading to concerns related to environmental security and sustainability. [ 2,3 ]…”

“…The extensive use of synthetic nondegradable plastics for food packaging is leading to concerns related to environmental security and sustainability. [2,3] At present, use of natural polymers has been increased significantly to solve the issues associated with environmental pollution particularly in waste disposal and depletion of nonrenewable resources. [4,5] Renewable resources provide opportunity to scientist community as a fascinating sustainable alternative to swap DOI: 10.1002/mame.202000799 partly or to some extent completely, petroleum resources derived polymers by designing bio-based polymers that have the ability to vie or even exceed the prevailing petro-based polymeric materials regarding cost and performance with green and eco-friendly environmental impacts.…”