Hybrid Design for Aircraft Wind-Tunnel Testing Using Response Surface Methodologies

Landman, Drew; Simpson, Jim; Mariani, Raffaello; Ortiz, Francisco; Britcher, Colin P.

doi:10.2514/1.25914

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Historically aerospace ground testing has embraced One-Factor-at-A-Time (OFAT) test schedules, most likely due to the relatively low noise environment of modern test facilities [24,25]. The wind tunnel test described herein was performed using DOE principles that have been proven in practice [26,27,28,29,30,31]. The resulting regression models provide a basis for understanding and optimization, bounded by robust uncertainty estimates.…”

Section: B Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Reynolds Number Behavior of a Solid-State Piezocomposite Variable-Camber Wing

Bilgen

Friswell

Landman

2013

54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference

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The low speed, low Reynolds number wind-tunnel analysis of a previously proposed solid-state piezocomposite variable-camber wing is presented. The wing employs a continuous inextensible surface, continuous boundary conditions and surface bonded independent piezoelectric actuators. The partially-active surface is designed to have sufficient bending stiffness in the chordwise and spanwise directions to sustain its shape under aerodynamic loading. The paper focusses on characterization through statistically defensible wind tunnel experiments based on Design of Experiments methodology. Significant aerodynamic response is quantified in terms of change in lift coefficient. The empirical results from a regression model demonstrate significant aerodynamic authority of the solid state variable-camber wing when operated in Reynolds numbers above 200,000 and in low turbulence conditions.

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Section: B Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Reynolds Number Behavior of a Solid-State Piezocomposite Variable-Camber Wing

Bilgen

Friswell

Landman

2013

54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference

Self Cite

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“…19 The design points of the Nested FCD in two-factor space are illustrated graphically in Figure 5. The extremes of the factor levels are set on the perimeter of the outer box.…”

Section: Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Systematic Error in Forced Oscillation Testing

Williams

Landman

Flory

et al. 2012

50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

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One of the fundamental problems in flight dynamics is the formulation of aerodynamic forces and moments acting on an aircraft in arbitrary motion. Classically, conventional stability derivatives are used for the representation of aerodynamic loads in the aircraft equations of motion. However, for modern aircraft with highly nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic characteristics undergoing maneuvers at high angle of attack and/or angular rates the conventional stability derivative model is no longer valid. Attempts to formulate aerodynamic model equations with unsteady terms are based on several different wind tunnel techniques: for example, captive, wind tunnel single degree-of-freedom, and wind tunnel free-flying techniques. One of the most common techniques is forced oscillation testing. However, the forced oscillation testing method does not address the systematic and systematic correlation errors from the test apparatus that cause inconsistencies in the measured oscillatory stability derivatives. The primary objective of this study is to identify the possible sources and magnitude of systematic error in representative dynamic test apparatuses. Sensitivities of the longitudinal stability derivatives to systematic errors are computed, using a high fidelity simulation of a forced oscillation test rig, and assessed using both Design of Experiments and Monte Carlo methods. Nomenclature

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“…Because there is also sufficient rationale for highly nonlinear relations between inputs and the response, and because runs are relatively inexpensive, a second FCD design will be embedded or nested in the interior of the first FCD canvassing the perimeter of the input space (Landman et al 2007;Tucker et al 2010). The interior design would place the corner and axial points at AE0.5 in coded units.…”

Section: Choice Of Experimental Designs and Data Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designed Experiments for the Defense Community

Johnson

Hutto

Simpson

et al. 2012

Quality Engineering

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The areas of application for design of experiments principles have evolved, mimicking the growth of U.S. industries over the last century, from agriculture to manufacturing to chemical and process industries to the services and government sectors. In addition, statistically based quality programs adopted by businesses morphed from total quality management to Six Sigma and, most recently, statistical engineering (see Hoerl and Snee 2010). The good news about these transformations is that each evolution contains more technical substance, embedding the methodologies as core competencies, and is less of a ''program.'' Design of experiments is fundamental to statistical engineering and is receiving increased attention within large government agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Defense. Because test policy is intended to shape test programs, numerous test agencies have experimented with policy wording since about 2001. The Director of Operational Test & Evaluation has recently (2010) published guidelines to mold test programs into a sequence of well-designed and statistically defensible experiments. Specifically, the guidelines require, for the first time, that test programs report statistical power as one proof of sound test design. This article presents the underlying tenents of design of experiments, as applied in the Department of Defense, focusing on factorial, fractional factorial, and response surface design and analyses. The concepts of statistical modeling and sequential experimentation are also emphasized. Military applications are presented for testing and evaluation of weapon system acquisition, including force-on-force tactics, weapons employment and maritime search, identification, and intercept.KEYWORDS factorial design, optimal design, power, response surface methodology, space filling design, test and evaluation WHY DOES THE DEFENSE COMMUNITY NEED DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS?Any organization serious about testing should embrace methods and a general strategy that will cover the range of product employment, extract the most information in limited trials, and identify parameters affecting

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Hybrid Design for Aircraft Wind-Tunnel Testing Using Response Surface Methodologies

Cited by 45 publications

References 2 publications

Low Reynolds Number Behavior of a Solid-State Piezocomposite Variable-Camber Wing

Low Reynolds Number Behavior of a Solid-State Piezocomposite Variable-Camber Wing

The Effect of Systematic Error in Forced Oscillation Testing

Designed Experiments for the Defense Community

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