Hybrid EEG/EOG-based brain/neural hand exoskeleton restores fully independent daily living activities after quadriplegia

Soekadar, Surjo R.; Witkowski, Matthias; Gómez, Christopher M.; Opisso, Eloy; Medina, Josep R.; Cortese, Mario; Cempini, Marco; Carrozza, Maria Chiara; Cohen, Leonardo G.; Birbaumer, Niels; Vitiello, Nicola

doi:10.1126/scirobotics.aag3296

Cited by 188 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These advancements fostered the development of innovative neurotechnologies, such as brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) that translate brain activity into control commands of external machines, robots or computers. Recently, it was shown, for example, that severely paralyzed quadriplegics can operate an EEG-controlled brain/neural hand-exoskeleton (B/NHE) to perform activities of daily living, such as eating and drinking in an outside restaurant 15 . We, thus, reasoned that, under optimal conditions, recording of the BP outside the laboratory might be feasible, even in extreme real-life scenarios such as 192-meter bungee jumping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To jump or not to jump: The Bereitschaftspotential required to jump into 192-meter abyss

Nann

Cohen

Deecke

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Self-initiated voluntary acts, such as pressing a button, are preceded by a negative electrical brain potential, the Bereitschaftspotential (BP), that can be recorded over the human scalp using electroencephalography (EEG). Up to now, the BP required to initiate voluntary acts has only been recorded under well-controlled laboratory conditions. It is thus not known if this form of brain activity also underlies motor initiation in possible lifethreatening decision making, such as jumping into a 192-meter abyss, an act requiring extraordinary willpower. Here, we report BP before self-initiated 192-meter extreme bungee jumping across two semi-professional cliff divers (both male, mean age 19.3 years). We found that the spatiotemporal dynamics of the BP is comparable to that recorded under laboratory conditions. These results, possible through recent advancements in wireless and portable EEG technology, document for the first time pre-movement brain activity preceding possible lifethreatening decision making.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To jump or not to jump: The Bereitschaftspotential required to jump into 192-meter abyss

Nann

Cohen

Deecke

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…It is however believed that, in neurorehabilitative scenarios, the possibility of providing patients with a real-time feedback about their ongoing cortical activity might be a more effective strategy for triggering brain plasticity and promoting motor recovery through practiceand-reward Hebbian processes [28], [29]. Despite continuous control of a hand exoskeleton through EEG-decoded MI and electrooculography (EOG) has been demonstrated [2], the feasibility of such type of control using EEG alone is still unknown. Indeed, while the use of EOG as a control channel could be a feasible option for assistive applications, it might not be an ecological approach for promoting motor recovery.…”

Section: Brain-machinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…By acting as transparent extensions of human bodies, these systems can translate movement intentions into control signals for wearable robotic devices, for the sake of providing motor assistance or promoting recovery of functions [1], [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mano: A Wearable Hand Exoskeleton for Activities of Daily Living and Neurorehabilitation

Randazzo

Iturrate

Perdikis

et al. 2018

IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett.

117

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Abstract-Hand sensorimotor impairments are among the most common consequences of injuries affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems, leading to a drastic reduction in the quality of life for affected individuals. Combining wearable robotic exoskeletons and human-machine interfaces is a promising avenue for the restoration and substitution of lost and impaired functions for these users. In this study, we present a novel hand exoskeleton, mano, designed to assist and restore hand functions of people with motor disabilities during activities of daily living (ADL) and in neurorehabilitative scenarios. Compared to state-of-the-art devices, our system is fully wearable, portable and minimally obtrusive on the hand. The exoskeleton can actively control flexion and extension of all fingers, while allowing natural somatosensorial interactions with the environment surrounding the users. We evaluated the device from four different perspectives. A mechanical characterization, showing that the exoskeleton can cover more than 70% of healthy hand workspace and it can achieve forces at the fingertips sufficient for ADL. A functional characterization, where we showed how two users who suffered from spinal cord injuries were able to perform several ADL for the first time since their accidents. Thirdly, we evaluated the system from a neuroimaging perspective, showing that the device can elicit EEG brain patterns typical of natural hand motions. We finally exemplified the control of the hand exoskeleton within an exemplar framework, a brain-machine interface scenario, showing how motor intention can be successfully decoded for a continuous control of the device. Overall, our results showed that the device represents an ecological solution for use both in ADL and in scenarios aimed at promoting sensorimotor recovery.

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“…Furthermore, BMI control systems are mainly based on the classification between execution (movement, intention of movement or motor imagery) and resting moments [4,9,10,12]. On the other hand, the differentiation of movements, such as extension and flexion of the arm, adds to the complexity of this classification task, which may impair the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BMIs based on EEG signals have been investigated to control, for example, the beginning of movement and rest of an exoskeleton [4,8], reach [3] and grasp [9] of a robotic arm, and the movement intention for prosthesis [10,11]. The majority of these studies rely on external stimuli to the individual for executing a task in a given experiment, thus the intention of starting the movement is not endogenous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Trial Eeg Decoding of Arm Extension and Flexion: A Case Study

Freitas¹,

Thomaz²,

Lopes³

et al. 2018

Anais Do v Congresso Brasileiro De Eletromiografia E Cinesiologia E X Simpósio De Engenharia Biomédica

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Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) transcribe brain signals into commands that can be used for assistive devices and rehabilitation devices, such as prostheses, and exoskeletons. In this sense, decoding the cortical activity associated the execution or intention to execute motor actions may provide important elements to design future BMIs for controlling assistive devices. In this paper, we explored the hypothesis of using EEG signals in single trial to classify arm flexion and extension based on endogenous movement intention. One female subject, age of 20 years, right-handed, participated in the experiment. The subject executed the maximum flexion, subsequent to the maximum extension, according to her will. Each movement was repeated 50 times. EEG signals were epoched from -600 ms to 100 ms relative to the movement onset (zero mark). Single trial epochs of arm flexion and extension were classified using support vector machine (SVM). The best classifier performance was 73.78% (average of five holdout 10-fold cross-validation was 68.71%). The results are promising and show that EEG signals could be used to classify arm flexion and extension elicited by endogenous movement intention.

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Hybrid EEG/EOG-based brain/neural hand exoskeleton restores fully independent daily living activities after quadriplegia

Abstract: A noninvasive, hybrid brain/neural hand exoskeleton restored intuitive control of grasping motion, restoring independent activities to quadriplegics.

Cited by 188 publications

References 38 publications

To jump or not to jump: The Bereitschaftspotential required to jump into 192-meter abyss

To jump or not to jump: The Bereitschaftspotential required to jump into 192-meter abyss

mano: A Wearable Hand Exoskeleton for Activities of Daily Living and Neurorehabilitation

Single Trial Eeg Decoding of Arm Extension and Flexion: A Case Study

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