Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for high-speed gas-phase thermometry

Miller, Joseph D.; Slipchenko, Mikhail N.; Meyer, Terrence R.; Stauffer, Hans U.; Gord, James R.

doi:10.1364/ol.35.002430

Cited by 126 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is possible however to use pulses of 10 -100 picosecond duration which have a sufficiently narrow bandwidth to allow spectral plus time resolution of vibrational and even pure rotational CARS [166,261]. Very recently, a hybrid approach employed for dual-broadband vibrational CARS utilized femtosecond pulses for the pump and Stokes beams and a picosecond probe beam [262]. This method takes advantage of the broad bandwidth of the fs pulses for multiplex spectroscopy, and at the same time it overcomes the problem of mode fluctuations that are typically associated with conventional broadband sources such as dye lasers.…”

Section: Other Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Kiefer

Ewart

2011

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

131

112

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Laser-based methods have transformed combustion diagnostics in the past few decades. The high intensity, coherence, high spectral resolution and frequency tunability available from laser radiation has provided powerful tools for studying microscopic processes and macroscopic phenomena in combustion by linear and nonlinear optical processes. This review focuses on nonlinear optical techniques based on resonant four-wave mixing for non-intrusive measurements of minor species in combustion. The importance of minor species such as reaction intermediates is outlined together with the challenges they present for detection and measurement in the hostile environments of flames, technical combustors, and engines. The limitations of conventional optical methods for such measurements are described and the particular advantages of coherent methods using nonlinear optical techniques are discussed.The basic physics underlying four-wave wave mixing processes and theoretical models for signal calculation are then presented together with a discussion of how combustion parameters may be derived from analysis of signals generated in various four-wave mixing processes. The most important four-wave mixing processes, in this context, are then reviewed:Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM), Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS), Laser Induced Grating Spectroscopy (LIGS) and Polarization Spectroscopy (PS). In each case the fundamental physics is outlined to explain the particular properties and diagnostic advantages of each technique. The application of the methods mentioned to molecular physics studies of combustion species is then reviewed along with their application in measurement of concentration, temperature and other combustion parameters. Related nonlinear techniques and recent extensions to the ultra-fast regime are briefly reviewed. Finally practical considerations relevant to multi-dimensional and multi-species measurements, as well as applications in technical combustion systems are discussed.Keywords: nonlinear optical spectroscopy, four-wave mixing, combustion diagnostics, minor species detection, laser-induced gratings, polarization spectroscopy IntroductionEnergy from renewable sources such as solar and wind power is the goal of much current research and technological development. Combustion, however, is and is likely to remain for the foreseeable future, the most important energy source for heat, electrical power and especially for transportation. In technical combustion systems the chemical energy of fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil and natural gas is converted into heat through oxidation with oxygen from air. However, fossil fuel resources are limited and alternatives like biofuels [1] or novel technologies such as fuel cells [2] are not yet able to meet the demand. Consequently, for a sustainable use of fossil fuels it is desirable to further improve the efficiency, maintainability and reliability of existing combustion devices. Achieving such improvements depends upon an improved understanding of t...

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Section: Other Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Kiefer

Ewart

2011

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

131

112

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“…Hybrid fs/ps CARS has been used to probe the vibrational transitions of N 2 for high-speed measurements of temperature with a precision of 2.2% and error of 3.3% [15], but is limited to temperatures above ∼1200 K due to low population of the N 2 hot bands. Additionally, purerotational CARS has been implemented to measure temperature with errors of 1.8% and 2.5% at 1400 and 2283 K, respectively, with spectral focusing and secondharmonic bandwidth compression of the ps probe [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A timeand frequency-resolved model based on fundamental spectroscopic constants and experimental parameters was used to generate N 2 ro-vibrational and N 2 ∕O 2 rotational spectra at various temperatures as implemented by Miller and co-workers [15,20] and described in detail by Stauffer et al [21] and Prince et al [12]. Best-fit temperatures were computed using a spectral library and optimization algorithm to minimize the residual between experimental and modeled spectra.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dual-pump vibrational/rotational femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering temperature and species measurements

2014

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“…The development e¨ort is now dedicated to a hybrid femto-picosecond CARS setup to retrieve information such as temperature or chemical composition. The aim is to probe fast temporal dynamics in combustion with high repetition rate (kilohertz), as recently demonstrated by several authors [22,23].…”

Section: Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Spectroscopy With Femto/picoseconmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A solution appeared recently, since ultrafast femtosecond lasers now permit to reach high enough peak powers to get strong enough single shot CARS signal at high repetition rate. Thus, kilohertz CARS thermometry was demonstrated at ¦rst by using the Chirped Probe Pulse technique [22], or later on using the hybrid pico-femtosecond regime [23]. The latter takes advantage of the two temporal regimes in order to provide:…”

Section: Hybrid Pico/femtosecond Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Spectroscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress of laser metrology in chemically reacting flows at onera

Mohamed

Dorval

Vilmart

et al. 2017

Progress in Flight Physics

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This paper presents some of the development actions performed these last years at ONERA using laser spectroscopic techniques to probe chemically reacting §ows. Techniques like laser absorption, laser induced §u-orescence (LIF), and Raman scattering will be described with focus on present drawbacks as well as expectations from new laser technologies (Interband Cascade Lasers (ICL) diodes, Optical Parametrical Oscillators (OPO), frequency comb, and femto/picosecond lasers) before showing some results of recent applications in ground facilities.

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Hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for high-speed gas-phase thermometry

Cited by 126 publications

References 8 publications

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Dual-pump vibrational/rotational femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering temperature and species measurements

Recent progress of laser metrology in chemically reacting flows at onera

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