Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed loop control and sensory feedback

Andrews, B.J.; Baxendale, R. H.; Barnett, Roger W.; Phillips, G.F.; Yamazaki, Takenori; Paul, J. P.; Freeman, Philip

doi:10.1016/0141-5425(88)90099-4

Cited by 142 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Although FES has immense potential application, it has not gained widespread popularity due to the limitations in current FES systems (Brissot et al, 2000;Riener, 1999). An important limitation that discourages FES users is the rapid onset of muscle fatigue (Andrews et al, 1988;Brindley et al, 1979;Marsolais and Edwards, 1988;Rabischong and Chavet, 1997;Riener, 1999). Muscle fatigue may impede efficient task performance during FES by limiting the number of steps that FES users can perform or the number of minutes that FES users can stand or grasp an object (Andrews et al, 1988;Brindley et al, 1979;Marsolais and Edwards, 1988;Rabischong and Chavet, 1997;Riener, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stimulation frequency versus pulse duration modulation on muscle fatigue

Kesar

Chou

Binder‐Macleod

2008

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

110

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During functional electrical stimulation (FES), both the frequency and intensity can be increased to increase muscle force output and counteract the effects of muscle fatigue. Most current FES systems, however, deliver a constant frequency and only vary the stimulation intensity to control muscle force. This study compared muscle performance and fatigue produced during repetitive electrical stimulation using three different strategies: (1) constant pulse-duration and stepwise increases in frequency (frequency-modulation); (2) constant frequency and stepwise increases in pulse-duration (pulse-duration-modulation); and (3) constant frequency and pulse-duration (no-modulation). Surface electrical stimulation was delivered to the quadriceps femoris muscles of 12 healthy individuals and isometric forces were recorded. Muscle performance was assessed by measuring the percent changes in the peak forces and force-time integrals between the first and the last fatiguing trains. Muscle fatigue was assessed by measuring percent declines in peak force between the 60 Hz pre-and post-fatigue testing trains. The results showed that frequency-modulation showed better performance for both peak forces and force-time integrals in response to the fatiguing trains than pulse-duration-modulation, while producing similar levels of muscle fatigue. Although frequencymodulation is not commonly used during FES, clinicians should consider this strategy to improve muscle performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stimulation frequency versus pulse duration modulation on muscle fatigue

Kesar

Chou

Binder‐Macleod

2008

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

110

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“…The feasibility of standing and walking via FES methods has been demonstrated using surface and percutaneous electrodes, with or without bracing. Hybrid systems combining bracing with electrical stimulation have also produced stable standing and walking functions [4], [5]. The brace has played a significant role in increasing postural stability and reducing muscle fatigue in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus adjustment protocol for FES-induced standing in paraplegia using percutaneous intramuscular electrodes

Fujita

Handa

Hoshimiya

et al. 1995

IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng.

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The desirable upright posture for standing via functional electrical stimulation (FES) is defined based on simulation results using a link model in the sagittal plane. The criterion for the posture selection is the minimization of the sum of the squared joint flexion moments caused by gravity. The stimulus intensities are adjusted systematiealfy to attain the defined upright posture. Controlled standing was achieved in a Th7 and a ThS-level spinal-cord-injured paraplegic individuals without joint contracture, by using the stimulus adjustment protocol. A practical standing without any bracing devices was obtained, with the vertical upper extremity support of less than four percent of the body weight, and with single-hand-support attainable. The maximal durations of standing were 30 minutes in both cases.

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“…We have used functional electrical stimulation (FES) to restore the paralyzed muscles in the upper and lower extremities since 1990. 14 There are a lot of potential benefits to paraplegic patients if they can achieve FES standing. Standing may help to prevent joint contracture by eliminating the chronic Y. Shimada ([]) -S. Ando.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional electrical stimulation

Shimada

Ando

Chida

2000

Artif Life Robotics

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Percutaneous intramuscular electrodes and a portable multichannel system were used to restore the function of paralyzed upper and lower extremities in spinal cord injuries and hemiplegic patients. The hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) using percutaneous intramuscular electrodes provides practical ambulation for paraplegics. FES was more effective than the flexor hinge splint in increasing the grasping power (GP) of tetraplegic patients, and a stronger and stable GP which was not affected by wrist position make FES practical for improving the activities of daily living. A tilt sensor, which was put on the thigh, could be used to measure a gait cycle. This study suggests that putting a tilt sensor on a hemiplegic patient's thigh improves the FES procedure and may help to restore gait in these patients. We conclude that percutaneous intramuscular FES is useful for spinal cord injuries and hemiplegic patients.

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Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed loop control and sensory feedback

Cited by 142 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of stimulation frequency versus pulse duration modulation on muscle fatigue

Effects of stimulation frequency versus pulse duration modulation on muscle fatigue

Stimulus adjustment protocol for FES-induced standing in paraplegia using percutaneous intramuscular electrodes

Functional electrical stimulation

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