Liquid-crystal
polymers (LCPs) integrate at a molecular level the
characteristics of two important material classes, i.e., liquid crystals
(LCs) and polymers. As a result, they exhibit a wide variety of intriguing
physical phenomena and have useful properties in various settings.
In the nearly 50 years since the discovery of the first melt-processable
LCPs, there has been a remarkable expansion in the field encompassing
the development of new chain architectures, the incorporation of new
classes of mesogens, and the exploration of new properties and applications.
As engineering materials, LCPs are historically best known in the
context of high strength fibers. In a more contemporary study, the
pairing of LC mesophase assembly with block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly
in LC BCPs has resulted in a fascinating interplay of ordering phenomena
and rich phase behavior, while lightly cross-linked networks, LC elastomers,
are extensively investigated as shape memory materials based on their
thermomechanical actuation. As this Viewpoint describes, these and
other examples are active areas of research in which new, compelling
opportunities for LCPs are emerging. We highlight a few selected areas
that we view as being potentially significant in the near future,
with a particular emphasis on nanopatterning. Here, the ability to
readily access small feature sizes, the fluidity of the LC mesophase,
and LC-based handles for achieving orientation control present a compelling
combination. Opportunities for LCPs are also presented under the broad
rubric of “beyond nanopatterning”, and we discuss relevant
challenges and potential new directions in the field.