Hybrid fuel cells technologies for electrical microgrids

Martín, Jesús Izquierdo; Zamora, I.; Martín, J.J. San; Aperribay, V.; Eguia, P.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2010.01.006

Cited by 59 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The feasibility of renewable energy based hydrogen production, and its subsequent utilization to generate electricity through the use of FCs has been widely demonstrated in a number of research projects and papers [6][7][8][9]. Over the last few years, a particular case which has excited much interest is the integration of hydrogen based fuel storage systems with renewable energies in microgrid applications [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of PEM Fuel Cell Performance: Steady-State and Dynamic Experimental Validation

2014

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This paper reports on the modelling of a commercial 1.2 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), based on interrelated electrical and thermal models. The electrical model proposed is based on the integration of the thermodynamic and electrochemical phenomena taking place in the FC whilst the thermal model is established from the FC thermal energy balance. The combination of both models makes it possible to predict the FC voltage, based on the current demanded and the ambient temperature. Furthermore, an experimental characterization is conducted and the parameters for the models associated with the FC electrical and thermal performance are obtained. The models are implemented in Matlab Simulink and validated in a number of operating environments, for steady-state and dynamic modes alike. In turn, the FC models are validated in an actual microgrid operating environment, through the series connection of 4 PEMFC. The simulations of the models precisely and accurately reproduce the FC electrical and thermal performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of PEM Fuel Cell Performance: Steady-State and Dynamic Experimental Validation

2014

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“…Nevertheless, in practise, electrodes overpotentials produce electrical efficiencies around 50%. However, the electrochemical reactions produced are exothermic, so the combined use of electricity and heat (cogeneration) produces a higher net efficiency (total efficiency could reach values around 80-85%) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of PEM Fuel Cells with Different Electrical Loads

et al. 2014

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One of the most outstanding products of fuel cells is electrical power but, currently, there is a reduced number of publications that provide experimental data about the performance of fuel cells when used for supplying Alternating Current (AC) loads. Most of the existing publications provide experimental data only with direct current (DC) loads, or analyze the performance with AC loads using simulation models. For this reason, this paper analyses experimentally the behavior of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system when feeding different electrical loads. The system tested is constituted by a PEM fuel cell, a storage battery, electronic converters and electrical loads. In the tests, the fuel cell system supplies power to three different loads: DC, single‐phase AC and three‐phase AC. For these cases, voltage, current, power, power factor and efficiency data are shown, at different load levels. From those parameters, efficiency of the global system is estimated. Finally, as the power quality concept is a topic of increasing importance when supplying electricity, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the electric signals has also been analyzed.

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“…It can be classified based on a number of categories. One of them is by type of resources used, which are mainly chosen based on their availability at the installation site [20][21][22]. It can also be classified in whether it has storage options or not [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%