Hybrid Materials Based on the Embedding of Organically Modified Transition Metal Oxoclusters or Polyoxometalates into Polymers for Functional Applications: A Review

Abstract

The covalent incorporation of inorganic building blocks into a polymer matrix to obtain stable and robust materials is a widely used concept in the field of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, and encompasses the use of different inorganic systems including (but not limited to) nanoparticles, mono- and polynuclear metal complexes and clusters, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), polyoxometalates (POM), layered inorganic systems, inorganic fibers, and whiskers. In this paper, we will review the use of two particular kinds of structurally well-defined inorganic building blocks, namely transition metals oxoclusters (TMO) and polyoxometalates (POM), to obtain hybrid materials with enhanced functional (e.g., optical, dielectric, magnetic, catalytic) properties.

PWA-diureasils organic–inorganic hybrids. Photochromism and effect of the organic chain length

“…We have assigned the observed broadening to a decreasing trend in the electronic density contrast Dq ¼ ðq S À q P Þ (Eqs. (2) and (3)). This effect is more pronounced to U(230) family and was attributed to the filling of open spaces between polymeric chains by the increasing amounts of PWA-Eu 3+ interacting with ether-type oxygens as observed in the FTIR and PL results.…”

“…Polyoxometalates (POM) have been reported in the literature as a versatile structure due to its redox characteristic appropriated for applications in many technological fields such as catalysis, medicine, coating, sensors and also as active molecule in sol-gel hybrids for photosensitive applications [1][2][3] Phosphotungstic acid (PWA) has been incorporated in different Organic Inorganic Hybrid (OIH) matrix aiming photochromic applications. The study of specific interactions between PWA and the host matrix is of paramount importance in improving the photochromic behavior since this effect is directly related to the composition of and synergism between the components.…”

Study of the degradation of a toxic dye by the catalytic system (H1.5Fe1.5P2W12Mo6O61, 22H2O)/H2O2

“…Fig. 1 Polyhedral representation of the Dawson structure of polyanion (Pope 1983;Carraro and Gross 2014) The results presented in Fig. 2 show that the optimum pH value for the oxidation of AY99 by H 2 O 2 using the iron-substituted Wells-Dawson-type heteropolyanion HFe 2.5 P 2 W 12 Mo 6 O 62 .22H 2 O as catalyst is 3.…”

Biomaterials Obtained by Gelation

“…For instance, the brittle characteristics of the bioceramics can be reduced and flexibility can be added, while keeping a good strength resistance. Consequently, such materials concern a large range of applications, and among them, biomaterials are increasingly investigated (Livage et al 2004;Ruiz-Hitzky et al 2008;Miller et al 2011;Shirosaki et al 2012;Zhang et al 2012;Jones 2013;Miyazaki 2013;Carraro and Gross 2014).…”