Hybrid metal grid-polymer-carbon nanotube electrodes for high luminance organic light emitting diodes

Sam, F. Laurent M.; Dabera, G. Dinesha M. R.; Lai, K. T.; Mills, Christopher A.; Rozanski, Lynn J.; Silva, S. Ravi P.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/25/34/345202

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The recombination of the holes and electrons can only take place near the grid lines, and as a result, luminance only happens in the area close to the lines when the voltage is applied, as shown in Figure 20f. 462 By applying P3HT-wrapped SWCNTs with a spin-coater, the resultant SWCNT network covers the spaces between the grid lines that can transport the holes, the recombination process happens uniformly, and homogeneous luminance can be achieved, as shown in the inset in Figure 20f. 462 Thus, CNT-based TCFs have already achieved some success in a range of applications on a lab scale.…”

Section: Organic Light-emitting Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…462 By applying P3HT-wrapped SWCNTs with a spin-coater, the resultant SWCNT network covers the spaces between the grid lines that can transport the holes, the recombination process happens uniformly, and homogeneous luminance can be achieved, as shown in the inset in Figure 20f. 462 Thus, CNT-based TCFs have already achieved some success in a range of applications on a lab scale. They have been applied in the fabrication of a range of solar cell architectures, touch panels, liquid crystals, and organic light-emitting diodes.…”

Section: Organic Light-emitting Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties stimulate the market demand, which in turn encourages the development of the technology. Because the work function of CNTs is ∼4.5–5.2 eV, which is close to that of ITO, CNT TCFs with low sheet resistance and high transmittance have the great potential to replace ITO as the anode material in the fabrication of OLEDs, especially for flexible devices. − The essential properties of some CNT TCF-related anodes have been summarized in Table . Basically, an ideal OLED would have low roughness (in order to have low leakage current) and turn-on voltage along with a high maximum light output and current efficiency.…”

Section: Cnt Tcf Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(f) Optical images of the OLED with Au grid as the anode (when the state is on) (inset is the device with P3HT-wrapped SWCNTs with gold grids as the anode (and the state is on)). Adapted with permission from ref . Copyright 2014 IOP Publishing.…”

Section: Cnt Tcf Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Holes injected in the anodes cannot reach the center of the spaces when the gap between grid lines is larger than the diffusion length. The recombination of the holes and electrons can only take place near the grid lines, and as a result, luminance only happens in the area close to the lines when the voltage is applied, as shown in Figure f . By applying P3HT-wrapped SWCNTs with a spin-coater, the resultant SWCNT network covers the spaces between the grid lines that can transport the holes, the recombination process happens uniformly, and homogeneous luminance can be achieved, as shown in the inset in Figure f …”

Section: Cnt Tcf Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Development of Carbon Nanotube Transparent Conductive Films

2016

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Transparent conducting films (TCFs) are a critical component in many personal electronic devices. Transparent and conductive doped metal oxides are widely used in industry due to their excellent optoelectronic properties as well as the mature understanding of their production and handling. However, they are not compatible with future flexible electronics developments where large-scale production will likely involve roll-to-roll manufacturing. Recent studies have shown that carbon nanotubes provide unique chemical, physical, and optoelectronic properties, making them an important alternative to doped metal oxides. This Review provides a comprehensive analysis of carbon nanotube transparent conductive films covering detailed fabrication methods including patterning of the films, chemical doping effects, and hybridization with other materials. There is a focus on optoelectronic properties of the films and potential in applications such as photovoltaics, touch panels, liquid crystal displays, and organic light-emitting diodes in conjunction with a critical analysis of both the merits and shortcomings of carbon nanotube transparent conductive films.

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Section: Organic Light-emitting Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic Light-emitting Diodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cnt Tcf Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cnt Tcf Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cnt Tcf Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Development of Carbon Nanotube Transparent Conductive Films

2016

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Review of Sorted Metallic Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Joo

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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applications, the bandgap dependence, so-called chirality of the nanotubes, often plays a key role; thus, studies on SWCNTs have been conducted to synthesize or purify the nanotubes with a focus on achieving monochirality.Since the discovery of CNTs in 1991 by Iijima et al., [10] significant progress has been achieved with regard to the growth of SWCNTs. These include arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). [11] However, as current synthesis methods are largely limited to producing a mixture of metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs, the major challenge in this field is the designing of engineering processes that are scalable to produce electronically pure SWCNTs. Thus, efforts have also been made to postprocess the synthesized SWCNTs to achieve monochirality. These postprocessing methods include density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU), [12] DNA wrapping, [13] electrophoresis, [14] gel chromatography, [15] aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE), [16] surface modification, [14a,17] and polymer wrapping. [18] While the sorting efficiency and scalability of each method vary, many of these sorting protocols have been proven to be extremely successful. Consequently, many areas where unsorted SWCNTs have been applied, especially in electronics, were revisited and the SWCNTs were replaced with highly pure, electronic-grade, mostly semiconducting SWCNTs (s-SWCNTs), and they have shown advantages in many areas of application. [19] In stark contrast, reports on the utilization of sorted, pure metallic SWCNTs (m-SWCNTs) are relatively scarce, despite their enormous potential. For example, recent efforts to replace metal or transparent electrodes in photovoltaics with SWCNTs still rely on unsorted SWCNTs as a base material, where the exceptionally high conductivity of pure m-SWCNTs would be extremely beneficial to the overall performance of the device. [4a] As another example, it has recently been reported that the EMI shielding performance of an m-SWCNT film surpassed that of the unsorted and s-SWCNT films. [6f ] In some cases, applications that have been believed to be in the realm of s-SWCNTs turn out to be better controlled by the utilization of m-SWCNTs. For example, Yanagi et al. recently reported a possible solution to the long-standing thermoelectric tradeoff problem, the problem of which the electrical conductivity (σ) and the Seebeck coefficient (S) tradeoff with each other, resulting in a limited power factor (P). A monotonic increase in both S and σ was observed Since the development of sorting techniques for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), devices where unsorted SWCNTs are applied have been increasingly replaced with electronically enriched SWCNTs to improve device performance. While remarkable success has been achieved in areas where enriched SWCNTs have been applied including conductive coatings, photovoltaics, lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectrics, and electromagnetic interference shields, comprehensive reviews that highlight the impact of electronic monodispersity on de...

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