Hybrid millimeter-wave push-push oscillators using silicon-germanium HBTs

Sinnesbichler, F.X.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2002.807836

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The maximum output frequency can be doubled by using an oscillator's second harmonic output. The push-push oscillator, which cancels out odd harmonic frequency and enhances even harmonic frequency by combining two identical series feedback oscillators together, has been the focus of much attention in recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Compared with series feedback oscillators, parallel feedback oscillators can output higher power in which there is greater proportion of the second harmonic component, too [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

K-Band Harmonic Dielectric Resonator Oscillator Using Parallel Feedback Structure

Du¹,

Tang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

PIER Letters

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Abstract-A novel K-band harmonic dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) is presented. Two identical parallel feedback DROs constitute a symmetric structure by sharing the same dielectric resonator (DR). As a result of this special structure, the odd frequency output components offset while the even harmonic frequency components superimposed at the output port. Odd and even mode analysis method is used in theoretical analysis. As the experimental results shown, the fundamental frequency is 9.45 GHz and the output power at the second harmonic frequency of 18.9 GHz is 9.45 dBm. The suppression of fundamental frequency is about 15.5 dBc. A phase noise of −97 dBc/Hz@100 KHz and −78 dBc/Hz@10 KHz is achieved at the output frequency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

K-Band Harmonic Dielectric Resonator Oscillator Using Parallel Feedback Structure

Du¹,

Tang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

PIER Letters

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Section: ⅰ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, push-push VCOs achieve good phase noise performance because it is a type of mutually coupled VCO. Because of these advantages, the pushpush principle has emerged as an attractive method for low phase noise VCO design [3], [4].The low frequency 1/f noise plays a dominant role in determining the close to carrier phase noise performance in VCOs. It is well known that 1/f noise is up-converted to the carrier frequency, resulting in a 1/f 3 region at this position.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstrip Square Open Loop Metamaterial Resonator and Rat Race Coupler for Low Phase Noise Push-Push VCO

Choi¹,

Seo²

2011

Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science

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In this paper, a novel low phase noise voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using metamaterial structure and rat race coupler is presented for reducing the phase noise without the reduction of the frequency tuning range. The metamaterial structure has been realized by microstrip square open loop double split ring resonator (SRR). The rat race coupler shows slightly higher transmission compared to a Wilkinson combiner and is, therefore, used instead to improve the performances of VCO. By providing these unique modifications, the proposed push-push VCO has a phase noise of -126.30～-124.83 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz in the tuning range of 5.672～5.800 GHz. Ⅰ. IntroductionThe implementation of the low phase noise voltagecontrolled oscillator (VCO) has attracted a lot of attention because the phase noise of VCO is one of the most critical elements for the quality of service of the information transfer function. It has been known that he phase noise of VCO depends on the Q factor of the resonator. recently, there has been much interest in high-Q resonators such as split ring resonator (SRR), microstrip square open loop resonator, and hairpin resonator, etc. The high-Q resonator can reduce the phase noise of VCO but has the problem of the frequency tuning range reduction [1], [2].Metamaterial are composite materials, possess negative permittivity (ε < 0) and negative permeability (μ < 0) simultaneously, proposed by V. Veselago in 1968. Utilizing the idea of Pendry for achieving negative permittivity and negative permeability, this composite material was first fabricated by Smith in 2000 using metallic structures. Push-push VCOs employ two identical sub-VCOs with a balanced operation, causing all odd harmonics to cancel one another out all even harmonics are summed in phase at the output load. Since the design of the resonator in push-push VCOs is performed at half the resonance frequency, a higher Q factor becomes achievable. In addition, push-push VCOs achieve good phase noise performance because it is a type of mutually coupled VCO. Because of these advantages, the pushpush principle has emerged as an attractive method for low phase noise VCO design [3], [4].The low frequency 1/f noise plays a dominant role in determining the close to carrier phase noise performance in VCOs. It is well known that 1/f noise is up-converted to the carrier frequency, resulting in a 1/f 3 region at this position. The phase noise of a VCO in the 1/f 3 region near the carrier frequency depends on the value of the Q factor of the resonator. Because of this, another technique to realize a low phase noise VCO is to employ high Q resonators like dielectric resonators, hair-pin resonators, open loop resonators, split ring resonators (SRRs), and complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs). These resonators have a metamaterial property that results in a higher Q factor. A basic application, then, to increase the coupling coefficient of the resonator is to use double SRRs consisting of concentric split rings in order to increase the distributed capa...

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“…본 논문에서는 레이더 신호 감지용 수신기에 적 용할 수 있는 X-대역의 전압 제어 발진기 구조를 제 안하였다. X-대역에서 동작하는 전압 제어 발진기 구조로는 높은 차단 주파수를 갖는 FET 계열의 능 동 소자와 높은 SRF(Self-Resonance Frequency)를 갖 는 flip-chip 형태의 바랙터 다이오드를 사용하거나 또는 낮은 플리커 잡음을 갖는 BJT 계열의 능동 소 자와 flip-chip 바랙터 다이오드를 이용한 push-push 형태로 구현한다 [2] . FET 계열의 능동 소자를 이용한 발진기는 X-대역에서도 우수한 출력 특성을 구현할 수 있지만 적절한 바이어스 공급을 위해 부성 전압 (negative voltage) 발생을 위한 추가적인 회로가 요구 된다.…”

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“…FET 계열의 능동 소자를 이용한 발진기는 X-대역에서도 우수한 출력 특성을 구현할 수 있지만 적절한 바이어스 공급을 위해 부성 전압 (negative voltage) 발생을 위한 추가적인 회로가 요구 된다. 반면에 X-대역에서 낮은 이득 특성을 갖는 BJT 소자의 한계를 극복하기 위한 push-push 발진기 는 낮은 위상 잡음, 우수한 pulling-figure 특성을 갖 지만, 구조가 복잡하고 설계에 많은 시간이 소요되 는 단점을 갖는다 [2] . 또한 X-대역에서 선형적인 주파 수 가변 특성을 위해 적용되는 flip-chip 형태의 바랙 터 다이오드는 발진기의 가격 상승과 와이어 본딩 [4] .…”

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Varactor-Diodeless VCO for Radar Signal Detection Applications

Go¹,

Oh²,

Park³

2011

The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering

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In this paper, we propose a varactor-diodeless voltage-controlled oscillator operating at X-band, and verify the possibility of applying to a receiver for microwave radar signal detection applications. The proposed VCO is realized by only single RF BJT device as a varactor diode is substitued by a intrinsic collector-base PN-junction of the active device which is used to generate negative resistance. The fabricated VCO meets the specification of the receiver, which has a 11. . FET 계열의 능동 소자를 이용한 발진기는 X-대역에서도 우수한 출력 특성을 구현할 수 있지만 적절한 바이어스 공급을 위해 부성 전압 (negative voltage) 발생을 위한 추가적인 회로가 요구 된다. 반면에 X-대역에서 낮은 이득 특성을 갖는 BJT 소자의 한계를 극복하기 위한 push-push 발진기

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Hybrid millimeter-wave push-push oscillators using silicon-germanium HBTs

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

K-Band Harmonic Dielectric Resonator Oscillator Using Parallel Feedback Structure

K-Band Harmonic Dielectric Resonator Oscillator Using Parallel Feedback Structure

Microstrip Square Open Loop Metamaterial Resonator and Rat Race Coupler for Low Phase Noise Push-Push VCO

Varactor-Diodeless VCO for Radar Signal Detection Applications

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