“…40 QDbased drug delivery systems are mainly used to treat tumors and have the advantages of targeted drug delivery and high efficacy. 41,42 Peptide-coated QDs and carboxylated GQDs are used to achieve targeted drug delivery. 43,44 A promising application of QDs is photodynamic therapy (PDT), where QDs are applied for light-induced generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) to destroy key components of tumor cells, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins, and ventricular membranes, 45,46 causing tumor cell death.…”