Hybrid organic—inorganic perovskites: low-cost semiconductors with intriguing charge-transport properties

Solution-processed semiconductors for next-generation photodetectors

“…29 IR-blind broadband visible OPDs have also been demonstrated using small molecules 30 and polymeric 31 semiconductors. In addition, it has been shown that optically thick PCDTBT:PC70BM BHJs can deliver IR-blind and a spectrally flat photoresponse across the visible with a D* approaching 10 13 Jones on large and flexible substrates. 8 This has been also demonstrated in fully printed PCDTBT:PC70BM photodiodes.…”

“…43 A new paradigm in solution processed photodetection was demonstrated in 2006, where the sequential, ordered processing of PbS CQDs led to photoconductive CQD solid films. 9 The controllable fusing and oxidation of the CQDs delivered high photo-multiplicative gain as a consequence of minority carrier trapping, yielding gains in excess of 1000, R~2700 A/W and impressive measured D* up to 2·10 13 Jones in the short-wave IR. This set a major landmark for CQD photodetector sensitivity surpassing that of epitaxially deposited InGaAs counterparts, with the added manufacturing benefits of solution processed materials.…”

“…In organohalide lead perovskites, the cation A is a small organic molecule, e.g., methylammonium (CH3NH3 + ) or formamidinium (H2NCHNH2 + ), B is a metal such as lead or tin, and the X is a halide combination. The use of MHPs in optoelectronics is compelling: they can be solution processed from simple earth abundant precursors, 13 or evaporated using relatively low deposition and evaporant temperatures just like organic semiconductors; they have energy bandgaps which are tunable with the halide ratio; and they can form efficient thin single photojunctions using simple planar or mesoporous scaffold-based architectures due to their low exciton binding energy, 62 similar to that of inorganic semiconductors. As such, MHPs potentially combine the advantages of inorganic and organic semiconductors.…”

“…They possess advantageous properties derived from their organic and inorganic components such as large absorption coefficients, low exciton binding energy and high charge carrier mobility. 12,13 Their rare collection of desirably properties makes them potentially suitable for photodetector applications.…”

Influence of Schottky contact on the C-V and J-V characteristics of HTM-free perovskite solar cells

“…In pace with the enhancement of stability [16,17], the influence of defects was weakened down to an acceptable level [18,19], while the band offsets between the LHM and ETM or HTM remain major factors impeding PCE [15,[20][21][22][23]. ZnO nanorods [24] or PCBM [25], ETM [26] are able to minimize the band offset at the conduction band minimum (CBM) and allow building almost ideal contact at ETM/LHM interface.…”