Hybrid performance of sorghum and its relationship to morphological and physiological traits under variable drought stress in Kenya

Haussmann, Bettina I. G.; Obilana, A. B.; Blum, A.; Ayiecho, P.O.; Schipprack, Wolfgang; Geiger, H. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1998.tb01930.x

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…There are reports on the variable levels of heterosis expression in pearl millet under different environments (Pethani andDave 1992, Yadav et al 2000). Haussmann et al (1998) obtained similar results with sorghum in Kenya.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Performance of landraces, exotic elite populations and their crosses in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in drought and non‐drought conditions

Yadav

2008

Plant Breeding

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The crop cultivars targeted for drought prone areas need to combine drought tolerance and high yield. The present study was conducted to assess the performance of three selected pearl millet landraces, four exotic elite populations and their 12 crosses. They were evaluated for yield, yield components and a drought susceptibility index that was calculated using yield data from drought and non-drought environments. In the non-drought season, the exotic populations had significantly higher grain yield than landraces. However, in the severe drought season, the landraces produced significantly greater biomass, grain and stover yields than elite populations. There was a strong relation between panicle size and ability to produce panicles and delay in flowering under severe stress. The biomass and stover yield of crosses was significantly better than parental populations under both drought stress and near-optimum conditions. The elite populations were most sensitive to drought while crosses were as drought tolerant as landraces because they combined larger panicle size of exotics and lesser delay in flowering of landraces. The results indicated that it is possible to combine drought adaptation with high yield potential through hybridization between adapted landraces and elite genetic materials.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Performance of landraces, exotic elite populations and their crosses in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in drought and non‐drought conditions

Yadav

2008

Plant Breeding

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“…Studies with sorghum also show that heterosis contributes to yield superiority as much or more in stress environments than in more favourable environments (Haussmann et al, 1998). Our results show that hybrids, on average, showed a superiority of 30% over landrace populations for grain yield in the NDry zone.…”

Section: Level Of Heterosis In Different Environmentssupporting

confidence: 58%

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et al. 2000

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SummaryThis study quantified the magnitude of heterosis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) topcross hybrids produced by crossing 16 diverse landraces and three high yielding open-pollinating varieties on two homozygous malesterile lines. Hybrids and pollinators were grown in 12 year × location combinations in India that were grouped into three zones. Genetic components of variance quantifying the differences among these hybrids were estimated. The hybrids showed a conspicuous heterosis for grain yield, earliness and biomass yield but not for straw yield. The level and direction of heterosis for time to flowering depended strongly on the earliness of the male-sterile line. In the terminal drought stress zone hybrids made on the early maturing male-sterile line 843A had the highest level of heterosis for grain yield (88%). This was partly due to escape from terminal stress. In the other two zones the heterosis for grain yield was on average 30%. Heterosis for biomass yield and biomass yield per day was on average also positive in all three zones. For all traits, except time to flowering and biomass yield per day, pollinator effects were the only significant source of variation. Differences between hybrids were mostly caused by additive genetic effects. Significant amount of heterosis observed in landrace-based topcross hybrids for grain yield and other productivity-related traits suggested that substantial improvement in pearl millet productivity in and environments can be obtained by topcrossing locally adapted landraces on suitable male-sterile lines.

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“…In attempts to achieve this, the physiological and morphological characteristics of crop plants should be taken into account (González et al 2008;Haussmann et al 1998;Malik et al 1999;Richards et al 2002;Reynolds et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of terminal water stress on leaf epicuticular wax load, residual transpiration and grain yield in barley

González¹,

Ayerbe²

2009

Euphytica

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The effect of drought on barley leaf epicuticular wax load (EWL), residual transpiration rates (RTR) and grain yield was examined by subjecting 12 barley genotypes to controlled irrigation and terminal water stress conditions. The mean leaf epicuticular wax load was found to be 9% greater in the plants subjected to terminal water stress than in those provided irrigation, while the mean residual transpiration rate of the irrigated plants was 20% higher than in those subjected to water stress. Under these stress conditions, the correlation between grain yield and the epicuticular wax load was positive (P \ 0.01), while that between the grain yield and the residual transpiration rate was negative (P \ 0.05). Under the water stress conditions, the breeding lines studied showed a greater mean epicuticular wax load than the commercial varieties, while the residual transpiration rate was greater in these varieties than in the breeding lines. The greater epicuticular wax load of the breeding lines favoured their tolerance of drought, improving their yields over those of the commercial varieties.

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Hybrid performance of sorghum and its relationship to morphological and physiological traits under variable drought stress in Kenya

Abstract: and Pickett 1966, Laosuwan andAtkins 1977) and/or semi-arid

Cited by 45 publications

References 39 publications

Performance of landraces, exotic elite populations and their crosses in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in drought and non‐drought conditions

Performance of landraces, exotic elite populations and their crosses in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in drought and non‐drought conditions

Untitled

Effect of terminal water stress on leaf epicuticular wax load, residual transpiration and grain yield in barley

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