Hybrid Photomultiplier Tubes Using Internal Solid State Elements

Wolfgang, L.G.; Abraham, J. M.; Inskeep, C. N.

doi:10.1109/tns.1966.4324078

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The first phototubes with individual reversed biased silicon sensors, i.e. HPD's, have been demonstrated to work around 1965 [9][10][11].…”

Section: Overview Of Hpd Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Large area hybrid photodiodes

Joram

1999

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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Hybrid Photodiodes (HPD) represent one of the most promising options for high granularity single photon detection. HPD's are photodetectors consisting of a photocathode, which is deposited on the inner side of the entrance window, and a solid state sensor encapsulated in a vacuum envelope. HPD's combine the high sensitivity of photomultiplier tubes with the excellent space and energy resolution of solid state detectors.After reviewing the physical principles of HPD's the article gives a short overview of the history of this detector. A number of commercially available devices will be discussed. Current and future applications in high energy physics lie in the fields of scintillator readout (calorimetry, fibre tracking) and Cherenkov light detection. It is for the latter application that various large area Hybrid Photodiodes are currently under development.

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“…The first phototubes with individual reversed biased silicon sensors, i.e. HPD's, have been demonstrated to work around 1965 [9][10][11].…”

Section: Overview Of Hpd Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Large area hybrid photodiodes

Joram

1999

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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“…An asymptotic value of E between 3.5 and 5 eV was found for high Vp by different workers. Work by Brown (1963) demonstrated a value of g=800 at Vp= 10 kV for a reverse biased p+-n diode, and Wolfgang et al (1966) a value of 1600 at the same bombarding voltage. Here g is defined by g = (increase in diode current)/(bombarding current).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence for the EBC-avalanche effect in a silicon diode

Gibbons

Hogarth

Waters

1975

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Preliminary experimental measurements have been obtained for the electron bombardment conductivity (EBC) of a silicon diode under controlled avalanching conditions using a scanning electron microscope. It was shown that the EBC gain and the avalanche multiplication of the diode can be cascaded, and an overall current multiplication of about 2*105 was demonstrated on a non-optimized diode design. The calculated response time for this effect was about 100 ps.

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Hybrid Photodiode Tube

DeSalvo

Wang²

1991

New Technologies for Supercolliders

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Hybrid Photomultiplier Tubes Using Internal Solid State Elements

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Large area hybrid photodiodes

Large area hybrid photodiodes

Experimental evidence for the EBC-avalanche effect in a silicon diode

Hybrid Photodiode Tube

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