Hybrid polyelectrolyte-anion exchange membrane and its interaction with phosphate

Paltrinieri, Laura; Półtorak, Łukasz; Chu, Libing; Puts, Theo; Baak, Willem van; Sudhölter, Ernst J. R.; Smet, Louis C. P. M. de

doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.10.005

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…That this happens in the Gu-100 membranes and not (to that extent) in the Gu-0 membranes is attributed to the stronger interaction between both sulfate dianion and phosphate dianion to the Gu groups in comparison to their interaction with quaternary ammonium groups. 33…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we blended a Gu-based polyelectrolyte with AEM building blocks to prepare a functionalized AEM, aiming to facilitate H 2 PO 4 – /SO 4 2– transport. 33 The addition of 8 wt % of functionalized polyelectrolyte resulted in an increased permeation of phosphate over sulfate on application in electrodialysis. In the current study, the electrochemical properties of a Gu-functionalized AEM of which the fixed charges are exclusively due to the presence of the covalently linked Gu groups were investigated in detail and correlated with the observed membrane selectivity performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functionalized Anion-Exchange Membranes Facilitate Electrodialysis of Citrate and Phosphate from Model Dairy Wastewater

Paltrinieri

Huerta

Puts

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this study, the preparation of a new, functional anion-exchange membrane (AEM), containing guanidinium groups as the anion-exchanging sites (Gu-100), is described as well as the membrane characterization by XPS, water uptake, permselectivities, and electrical resistances. The functional membrane was also employed in pH-dependent electrodialysis experiments using model dairy wastewater streams. The properties of the new membrane are compared to those of a commercially available anion-exchange membrane bearing conventional quaternary ammonium groups (Gu-0). Guanidinium was chosen for its specific binding properties toward oxyanions: e.g., phosphate. This functional moiety was covalently coupled to an acrylate monomer via a facile two-step synthesis to yield bulk-modified membranes upon polymerization. Significant differences were observed in the electrodialysis experiments for Gu-0 and Gu-100 at pH 7, showing an enhanced phosphate and citrate transport for Gu-100 in comparison to Gu-0. At pH 10 the difference is much more pronounced: for Gu-0 membranes almost no phosphate and citrate transport could be detected, while the Gu-100 membranes transported both ions significantly. We conclude that having guanidinium groups as anion-exchange sites improves the selectivity of AEMs. As the presented monomer synthesis strategy is modular, we consider the implementation of functional groups into a polymer-based membrane via the synthesis of tailor-made monomers as an important step toward selective ion transport, which is relevant for various fields, including water treatment processes and fuel cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Anion-Exchange Membranes Facilitate Electrodialysis of Citrate and Phosphate from Model Dairy Wastewater

Paltrinieri

Huerta

Puts

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Paltrinieri et al [42], using the material balance equations, came to the conclusion that electric current can be transported through AEMs by doubly charged HPO 4 2− anions, while the feed solution contains only an NaH 2 PO 4 solution, where only the singly charged H 2 PO 4 − anions are present. Note that, as a rule, when choosing a current mode, researchers are guided by the limiting current, i lim , which is found from the intersection of the tangents to the initial part and the inclined plateau of current–voltage characteristic (CVC) curves [34,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Fluxes of Phosphoric Acid Anions through Anion-Exchange Membranes in the Course of NaH2PO4 Solution Electrodialysis

Rybalkina

Tsygurina

Melnikova

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Electrodialysis (ED) with ion-exchange membranes is a promising method for the extraction of phosphates from municipal and other wastewater in order to obtain cheap mineral fertilizers. Phosphorus is transported through an anion-exchange membrane (AEM) by anions of phosphoric acid. However, which phosphoric acid anions carry the phosphorus in the membrane and the boundary solution, that is, the mechanism of phosphorus transport, is not yet clear. Some authors report an unexpectedly low current efficiency of this process and high energy consumption. In this paper, we report the partial currents of H2PO4−, HPO42−, and PO43− through Neosepta AMX and Fujifilm AEM Type X membranes, as well as the partial currents of H2PO4− and H+ ions through a depleted diffusion layer of a 0.02 M NaH2PO4 feed solution measured as functions of the applied potential difference across the membrane under study. It was shown that the fraction of the current transported by anions through AEMs depend on the total current density/potential difference. This was due to the fact that the pH of the internal solution in the membrane increases with the growing current due to the increasing concentration polarization (a lower electrolyte concentration at the membrane surface leads to higher pH shift in the membrane). The HPO42− ions contributed to the charge transfer even when a low current passed through the membrane; with an increasing current, the contribution of the HPO42− ions grew, and when the current was about 2.5 ilimLev (ilimLev was the theoretical limiting current density), the PO43− ions started to carry the charge through the membrane. However, in the feed solution, the pH was 4.6 and only H2PO4− ions were present. When H2PO4− ions entered the membrane, a part of them transformed into doubly and triply charged anions; the H+ ions were released in this transformation and returned to the depleted diffusion layer. Thus, the phosphorus total flux, jP (equal to the sum of the fluxes of all phosphorus-bearing species) was limited by the H2PO4− transport from the bulk of feed solution to the membrane surface. The value of jP was close to ilimLev/F (F is the Faraday constant). A slight excess of jP over ilimLev/F was observed, which is due to the electroconvection and exaltation effects. The visualization showed that electroconvection in the studied systems was essentially weaker than in systems with strong electrolytes, such as NaCl.

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“…The development of such technologies is constrained by several challenges. The first of them is related to fouling and destruction of ion-exchange membranes during their long-term operation [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration Dependencies of Diffusion Permeability of Anion-Exchange Membranes in Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Monosodium Phosphate, and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate Solutions

et al. 2019

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The concentration dependencies of diffusion permeability of homogeneous (AMX-Sb and AX) and heterogeneous (MA-41 and FTAM-EDI) anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) is obtained in solutions of ampholytes (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3; monosodium phosphate, NaH2PO4; and potassium hydrogen tartrate, KHT) and a strong electrolyte (sodium chloride, NaCl). It is established that the diffusion permeability of AEMs increases with dilution of the ampholyte solutions, while it decreases in the case of the strong electrolyte solution. The factors causing the unusual form of concentration dependencies of AEMs in the ampholyte solutions are considered: (1) the enrichment of the internal AEM solution with multiply charged counterions and (2) the increase in the pore size of AEMs with dilution of the external solution. The enrichment of the internal solution of AEMs with multiply charged counterions is caused by the Donnan exclusion of protons, which are the products of protolysis reactions. The increase in the pore size is conditioned by the stretching of the elastic polymer matrix due to the penetration of strongly hydrated anions of carbonic, phosphoric, and tartaric acids into the AEMs.

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Hybrid polyelectrolyte-anion exchange membrane and its interaction with phosphate

Cited by 22 publications

References 64 publications

Functionalized Anion-Exchange Membranes Facilitate Electrodialysis of Citrate and Phosphate from Model Dairy Wastewater

Functionalized Anion-Exchange Membranes Facilitate Electrodialysis of Citrate and Phosphate from Model Dairy Wastewater

Partial Fluxes of Phosphoric Acid Anions through Anion-Exchange Membranes in the Course of NaH2PO4 Solution Electrodialysis

Concentration Dependencies of Diffusion Permeability of Anion-Exchange Membranes in Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Monosodium Phosphate, and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate Solutions

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