Hybrid purity identification using EST-SSR markers and heterosis analysis of quantitative traits of Russian wildrye

Abstract

Russian wildrye, Psathyrostachys junceus (Fisch.) Nevski, is widely distributed in the high latitude areas of Eurasia. It plays an important role in grassland ecosystem maintenance, as well as being a valuable palatable forage species for livestock and wildlife. Russian wildrye germplasm has rich phenotypic and genetic diversity and has potential for improvement through crossbreeding. In this study, fifteen Russian wildrye hybrid combinations were produced and one F1 population with 123 putative hybrids was obtained by crossing two individual plants with significant differences in nutritional characteristics and reproductive tiller number. Twelve phenotypic traits of the F1 population were measured for three consecutive years, and ten of the twelve traits were in line with the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits. Hybrid superiority was revealed among F1 hybrids in both nutritional and reproductive traits. One non-recurrent parent plant with the highest PCA-synthesis score was selected and used to make a backcross with the ‘BOZOISKY SELECT’ male parent, and 143 putative BC1 hybrids were obtained. Sixteen pairs of EST-SSR primers were randomly selected from polymorphic primers derived from different expressed tiller trait related genes. Three primer pairs that amplified both the paternal and maternal characteristic band were used to assess the purity of the F1 population, and three primer pairs (with one shared primer pair) were used to identify the BC1 population. The hybrid purity was 96.75% for the F1 population and 95.80% for the BC1 population, and the results were confirmed by self-fertility test through bagging isolation. The genetic similarity coefficients between the F1 progeny and the male parent ranged from 0.500 to 0.895, and those between the BC1 progeny and the male parent ranged from 0.667 to 0.939. A subset of individuals in the BC1 population had closer genetic distance to the recurrent parent, and genetic variation within the BC1 population decreased compared to the F1 population.

Molecular Cytological Analysis and Specific Marker Development in Wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng 3Ns Additional Line with Elongated Glume

“…In addition, besides EST and SSR markers, the SCAR markers of 1Ns, 3Ns, and 5Ns are more specific and efficient for detecting alien chromosomes of P. huashanica [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. The FISH probe karyotyping of P. huashanica lays a solid foundation for distinguishing 1-7Ns chromosomes [ 25 , 41 ]. Transcriptome sequencing technology is a quick and comprehensive method providing almost all the gene information of a species in a certain state, so it has become a trend to study genes at a transcript level [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Construction of a high-density genetic map using SNPs makers and QTL analysis for tillering related traits in Psathyrostachys juncea perennial grass

“…In some seed related traits, the female parent line has signi cant advantages, such as long spike length, many spikelets per spike and high seed setting rate. The procedure of parent selection, cross making and offsprings cultivation were described in Gao et al (2022). The female parents were bag-isolated before owering.…”

“…A previous study (Gao et al 2022) was designed to make crosses between an robust tillering line as the male parent (2n = 2x = 14; PI 549118), and a weak tillering line as the female parent (2n = 2x = 14; CF 005038). The mapping population was composed by two Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.)…”

“…The male and female parents not only are genetically and geographically distant, but also differ signi cantly in phenotypic traits. The more detailed information about the plant materials can be found in (Gao et al 2022). In order to use the excellent tiller trait for breeding based on marker assisted selection and identifying map-based cloning of tiller-controlled genes, a high-density genetic map was developed by using the progenies (F 1 ) and parents' materials via speci c-locus ampli ed fragment sequencing analysis.…”

“…expounded ten candidate genes related to tiller growth of Russian wildrye in seedling stage through transcriptome sequencing of tiller node tissues, and found high expression patterns of genes involved in strigolactones (SL), indo acidic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (CTK) biosynthesis at the tillering stage. To address this tiller production issue, previous study was designed to make crosses between sparse and dense tiller growing type of plants using two diploids (2n = 2x = 14) for the selection of excellent tiller production lines and identi cation of map-based cloning for tiller-controlled genes (Gao et al 2022). Furthermore, a high-density genetic map is needed in order to use and locate the tiller-controlled genes.…”