Difficulty of social phenomena representation can be related to limitations of used modeling techniques. More flexibility and creativity to represent social phenomena (an adequate mix of model scope, resolution, and fidelity) is desirable. The representation of social phenomena with a combination of different methods seems intuitively appealing, but the usefulness of this approach is questionable. Current view on the justification of multi-method has limitations in social science context, because it lacks a human dimension. This paper explores the literature that pertains to mixing methods, and displays current reasoning behind the use of the multi-method approach. The perspective on mixing methods from empirical social science projected onto M&S domain exposes high-level purposes related to representation of social phenomena with mixed method approaches. Based on the reviewed literature and qualitative analysis, the general view of ingredients for inferring purposefulness of the multi-method approach in the context of social phenomena representation is proposed.
INTRODUCTIONA multi-method M&S approach pertains to a combination of at least two M&S methods that combined allow for a unique system or phenomena representation and execution. At a more abstract mental dimension, the multi-method M&S approach could be perceived as a way of diverse representation through different mental models that direct to use of different M&S methods. The multi-method M&S approach has already found its way to represent technical phenomena, for instance: in manufacturing (Rabelo et al. 2003); healthcare (Brailsford, Desai, and Viana 2010; Chahal and Eldabi 2008); and supply chain (Lee et al. 2002). In these papers, methods can often complement each other. Technical phenomena that are considered in these studies usually require only two levels of analysis; a macro level model represented using SD, and a meso level model using DES. Social phenomena are usually very complex and can include many metrics at more than two levels. Representation of social phenomena with a combination of different methods seems intuitively appealing, but this approach has not been given sufficient attention. In order to be more representative, social phenomena may require representation of intelligent entities and operate at many, not always well-bounded, levels of analysis. This intuitively seems more complex than representation of technical phenomena, which usually does not require representation of proactive behavior. Social phenomena representation must often preserve phenomena complexity in order to allow for exploration. Recently, communities that were usually focused on representation of technical phenomena also started investigation of social concepts to enhance their perspectives (Behdani 2012, Brailsford et al. 2011, Hoad and Watts 2012. Unfortunately, the usefulness of multi-method M&S to represent social phenomena is not well understood and clear. Answering even 1661 978-1-4799-3950-3/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE