“…As in the work reported in this paper, Bultan worked with in nite state systems. However, the systems Bultan considered are \simple" in the following sense: (1) quanti cations are only limited to a very small number, (2) the transition system is a straightforward historyindependent transition system i.e., the current state only depends upon the last state, and other history references are not allowed, (3) the transition system itself is not a real-time system in the sense that no duration is attached to a transition and the start and end times are not allowed to be referenced. Unfortunately, a typical ASTRAL speci cation, such a s t h e benchmark considered in this paper, is not \simple".…”