Hybrid Stepper Motor Electrical Model Extensions for Use in Intelligent Drives

Principles of Signal Conversion: A Brief Tutorial

“…This digital control signal can be directly used in digital plants such as stepper motor and transistor [10]. If the plant is analog, then the signal must be transformed to analog signal.…”

Real Shooting Training Target Automated With Arduino

“…There are many mathematical models used for stepper motors [6], [7], [9]- [11], but all of them uses the following system of four non-linear ordinary differential equations:…”

“…As we mentioned earlier, the system uses a stepper motor for turning the target with 90 degrees counterclockwise and clockwise.This motor is powered by a driver, which is connected to a DC power source and commanded by an Arduino Uno board. [9]. After each sentence one can find the comments after the "//" characters.…”

Reducing the Cogging Torque Effects in Hybrid Stepper Machines by Means of Resonant Controllers

“…In servo drive applications, where precise speed or position control is required, such cogging torque is almost imperceptible at medium and high speeds [25]. Some research papers claim that these values are relatively negligible compared to standard electromagnetic torques, so they can be neglected [25], [26]. However, at low speeds it can create high ripples in the mechanical speed and extra difficulties to achieve the targeted position.…”