“…They employed SSO to maximize Kapur's and Otsu's functions values. Furthermore, there are many other swarm algorithms, that were used for image segmentation including: bacterial foraging algorithm (BFO) (Bakhshali & Shamsi, 2014) (Sanyal et al, 2011), honey bee mating optimization A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T (HBMO) (Horng, 2010), wind driven optimization (WDO) (Bayraktar et al, 2013), cuckoo search (CS) (Agrawal et al, 2013), artificial bee colony (ABC) (Akay, 2013;Bhandari et al, 2015), harmony search (HS) algorithm (Oliva et al, 2013), and hybrid swarm (FASSO) (Abd El-Aziz et al, 2016). However, most of these algorithms have slow convergences to the global optimal solution (i.e.…”