Hybrid Systems Analysis: Real‐Time Systems for Design and Prototyping of Neural Interfaces and Prostheses

Barnett, William; Cymbalyuk, Gennady

doi:10.1002/9783527639366.ch7

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…3. Systematically co-vary these currents (increments of 0.1 nA for and 1 nS for ) to the recorded HN (7) neuron with dynamic clamp (Figure 3), and assess their effects on burst characteristics: spike frequency (f: the reciprocal of the average of the interspike interval during a burst), interburst interval (IBI: the time between the last spike in one burst to the first spike in the next burst), burst duration (BD: the time between the first spike in a burst and the last spike in a burst), and burst period (T: the time between the first spike in a burst and the first spike in the subsequent burst).…”

Section: Build a Real-time Hn Or Another Model Neuronmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We thank Christian Erxleben for preliminary dynamic clamp experiments on HN (7) neurons that demonstrated their bursting capabilities. Angela Wenning aided the experiments with expert advice.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this protocol, all the currents of a living HN (7) neuron, including the pump current, I pump , are incorporated in the HN model as follows:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Toscano

Ellingson

Calabrese

et al. 2021

JoVE

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The Na + /K + pump, often thought of as a background function in neuronal activity, contributes an outward current (I pump ) that responds to the internal concentration of Na + ([Na + ] i ). In bursting neurons, such as those found in central pattern generator (CPG) neuronal networks that produce rhythmic movements, the [Na + ] i and therefore the I pump , can be expected to vary throughout the burst cycle. This responsiveness to electrical activity, combined with independence from membrane potential, endow I pump with dynamical properties not common to channel-based currents (e.g., voltageor transmitter-gated or leak channels). Moreover, in many neurons, the pump's activity is modulated by a variety of modulators, further expanding the potential role of I pump in rhythmic bursting activity. This paper shows how to use a combination of modeling and dynamic clamp methods to determine how I pump and its interaction with persistent Na + current influence rhythmic activity in a CPG. Specifically, this paper will focus on a dynamic clamp protocol and computational modeling methods in heart interneurons of medicinal leeches.

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Section: Build a Real-time Hn Or Another Model Neuronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Toscano

Ellingson

Calabrese

et al. 2021

JoVE

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“…A pump current has also been isolated in voltage clamp ( Tobin and Calabrese, 2005 ), characterized, and model equations developed ( Kueh et al, 2016 ). The dynamic clamp is implemented in MATLAB and Simulink (MathWorks) on dSpace real-time digital signal processing boards: the DS1104 R&D, and the DS1103 PPC (dSpace Inc.; Olypher et al, 2006 ; Barnett and Cymbalyuk, 2011 ). The dynamic clamp system executed the model HN persistent Na + current (I NaP ) and the model HN Na + /K + pump current (I pump ) equations so that these currents can be added to or subtracted from the recorded neuron.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic clamp system executed the model HN persistent Na + current (I NaP ) and the model HN Na + /K + pump current (I pump ) equations so that these currents can be added to or subtracted from the recorded neuron. The dynamic clamp implementation of these currents has been described previously ( Barnett and Cymbalyuk, 2011 ; Erazo-Toscano et al, 2021 ). Briefly, the dynamic clamp reads the membrane potential of the neuron from the Axoclamp 2A amplifier and updates the current injected by the amplifier according to model equations evaluated in real time (>3 kHz).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bursting Dynamics Based on the Persistent Na⁺and Na⁺/K⁺Pump Currents: A Dynamic Clamp Approach

Erazo-Toscano,

Fomenko,

Core

et al. 2023

eNeuro

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Life-supporting rhythmic motor functions like heart-beating in invertebrates and breathing in vertebrates require an indefatigable generation of a robust rhythm by specialized oscillatory circuits, Central Pattern Generators (CPGs). These CPGs should be sufficiently flexible to adjust to environmental changes and behavioral goals. Continuous self-sustained operation of bursting neurons requires intracellular Na+concentration to remain in a functional range and to have checks and balances of the Na+fluxes met on a cycle-to-cycle basis during bursting. We hypothesize that at a high excitability state, the interaction of the Na+/K+pump current, Ipumpand persistent Na+current, INaP, produces a mechanism supporting functional bursting. INaPis a low voltage-activated inward current that initiates and supports the bursting phase. This current does not inactivate and is a significant source of Na+influx. Ipumpis an outward current activated by [Na+]iand is the major source of Na+efflux. Both currents are active and counteract each other between and during bursts. We apply a combination of electrophysiology, computational modeling, and dynamic clamp to investigate the role of Ipumpand INaPin the leech heartbeat CPG interneurons (HN neurons). Applying dynamic clamp to introduce additional Ipumpand INaPinto the dynamics of living synaptically isolated HN neurons in real-time, we show that their joint increase produces transition into a new bursting regime characterized by higher spike frequency and larger amplitude of the membrane potential oscillations. Further increase of Ipumpspeeds up this rhythm by shortening burst duration and interburst interval.Significance statementCentral Pattern Generators (CPGs) are neuronal networks that control rhythmic motor functions such as breathing and walking. Synaptic and membrane properties enable participating neurons to generate functional bursting patterns; intracellular Na+concentration reflects the intensity of the spiking activity during bursts and regulates the Na+/K+pump current playing a critical role in sculpting these patterns by providing negative feedback in response to excitation. Here, we show that the dynamic interaction of Na+/K+pump current with persistent Na+current offers a mechanism for the generation of a robust and flexible pattern of bursting activity. We provide physiological data and present a simple model that explains the underlying dynamics of the oscillatory mechanism.

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Hybrid Systems Analysis: Real‐Time Systems for Design and Prototyping of Neural Interfaces and Prostheses

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Contribution of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Contribution of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Bursting Dynamics Based on the Persistent Na⁺and Na⁺/K⁺Pump Currents: A Dynamic Clamp Approach

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Hybrid Systems Analysis: Real‐Time Systems for Design and Prototyping of Neural Interfaces and Prostheses

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Contribution of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Contribution of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Bursting Dynamics Based on the Persistent Na+and Na+/K+Pump Currents: A Dynamic Clamp Approach

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Bursting Dynamics Based on the Persistent Na⁺and Na⁺/K⁺Pump Currents: A Dynamic Clamp Approach