Hybrid Tripping Characteristic-Based Protection Coordination Scheme for Photovoltaic Power Systems

Abstract

Due to the high penetration of renewable energy sources into the electrical power network, overcurrent relays coordination with highly sensitive and selective protection systems are now two of the most important power protection concerns. In this research, an optimal coordination strategy utilising a new hybrid tripping scheme based on current–voltage characteristics has been devised for overcurrent relays in a power network coupled to a photovoltaic system. This research develops and proves a new optimal coordination scheme based on two optimisation methods, the vibrating particles system and particle swarm optimisation algorithms, in consideration of the impact of renewable sources on fault characteristics. The new optimal coordination approach aims to improve the sensitivity and dependability of the protection system by reducing the tripping time of the overcurrent relays by employing a new hybrid tripping scheme. A specific case study, Conseil International des Grands Réseaux Electriques (CIGRE) distribution network connected to two photovoltaic systems is constructed and presented utilising Industrial software (namely ETAP), and the outcomes of the proposed optimal coordination scheme are compared with standard and recent characteristics from the literature. The hybrid tripping scheme and optimisation techniques are evaluated using different fault and power network model scenarios. The results show that the optimal hybrid tripping scheme provided successfully decreases the overall operating time of the overcurrent relays and increases the sensitivity of the relay during all fault scenarios. The reduction in overall time for the proposed hybrid tripping scheme was 35% compared to the literature for the scenario of a power grid with and without photovoltaic systems.

Highly sensitive multifunction protection coordination scheme for improved reliability of power systems with distributed generation (PVs)

“…The proposed optimal multifunction protection scheme for phase and ground OCRs (MFOCR) is evaluated on a CIGRE network, as depicted in Figure 10, to determine the optimal setting for MFOCRs and obtain the minimum tripping time. The proposed CIGRE network is a 14‐bus feeder DN, and the grid specifics are outlined in [40, 41]. In general, the CIGRE network is operated with an HV/MV utility source and equipped with two PV farms rated 10 MW/each through a setup transformer rated 0.4/12.49 kV, as detailed in [1, 41].…”

Optimal Protection Scheme for Enhancing AC Microgrids Stability against Cascading Outages by Utilizing Events Scale Reduction Technique and Fuzzy Zero-Violation Clustering Algorithm

“…Step 4: Fourth, using (18), the distance of OT S1 from all time center points (i.e., OT C1 , OT C2 . .…”

“…In recent years, MOAs have been widely deployed to swiftly handle NLP without damaging the convexity of POSP. The noteworthy MOAs that have been employed to figure out the best outcomes of POSP include improved firefly optimization algorithm (IFOA) [9], improved moth-flame optimization algorithm (IMFOA) [10], imperialistic competition optimization algorithm (ICOA) [11], improved seagull optimization algorithm (ISOA) [12], chaotic search class topper optimization algorithm (CSCTOA) [13], the genetic algorithm (GA) [6,8,[14][15][16][17], grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWOA) [17], and partial swam optimization (PSO) [15,18].…”

“…Hence, a comprehensive literature review is provided in Table 1 to establish the existing knowledge and gaps for microgrid protection in terms of published year, dualsetting DOCR, double inverse characteristic of DOCR, and multiple setting groups (MSGs). [3] - [5] - [6] GA [7] - [9] IFOA [10] IMFOA [11] ICOA [12] ISOA [13] CSCTOA [14] GA [16] GA [17] GA/GWOA [18] PSO [19] HWOA [20] GA-LP/PSO-LP [21] GA-LP [22] HSAOA-LP [23] HACOA [24] HGBO [25] HGBO [26] HOBL-FOCTOA [27] IPA [28] FA-Target Remedy [29] GA-Fuzzy Logic [30] GA-PSO-DE [31] FA-LP [32] HGA-LP -stands for no data.…”

Design and Analysis of Selective Cross Tripping Protection Scheme on 250 MVA (220/132kV) Auto Transformer

“…The tripping scheme is not merely a luxury, but a necessary safety requirement in maintaining the operational integrity of the auto transformer. It plays a pivotal role in safeguarding both the electrical infrastructure and personnel from potential harm caused by electrical faults [2] - [3].…”