Hybrid Washer Fluid for Primary Cementing

Kremieniewski, Marcin

doi:10.3390/en14051295

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Microcement reduces porosity and increases compressive strength. The percentages of materials used to prepare the cement slurry are summarized in Table 2 [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Successful sealing of the borehole depends on the correct performance of cementing, but this is only one component of an effective borehole seal [24][25][26]. Experience shows that the quality and quantity of the remaining mud cake affect the effectiveness of sealing the pipe column [27][28][29][30]. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the borehole clearance in specific geological conditions and the washer composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, a second variable must be adjusted, which determines the effectiveness of mud cake removal. This second factor is the wash contact time [25,27,28,31,32], which can be from 2 to 15 min. The literature frequently reports values of 4, 5, or 8 min [23,25,27,[33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The permeability of the sandstone core is from 10 to 50 mD, and in some samples it ranges from 80 to 250 mD. The cores were cylindrical with a diameter of 0.025 m and a length of 0.06 m (Figure 2) [27,28]. The cores were placed in a tripod inside a PVC pipe (Figure 3) [27,28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cores were cylindrical with a diameter of 0.025 m and a length of 0.06 m (Figure 2) [27,28]. The cores were placed in a tripod inside a PVC pipe (Figure 3) [27,28]. The drilling fluids flowed in the pipe.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Efficiency of Sealing the Borehole in Terms of Spacer Pumping Time

2021

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The tightness of a borehole is essential for its long-term durability. For this purpose, the column of the pipe is sealed with cement slurry. After contacting the slurry, mud in the borehole is removed. However, the slurry does not effectively remove the remaining drilling mud. Therefore, the annular space is cleaned with a wash. Effectively cleaning the borehole presents quite a problem, as many variables that affect the stability of the borehole need to be considered. The time of contact between the borehole and the wash is very important. On the one hand, insufficient contact time does not guarantee proper removal of the mud. On the other hand, a long contact time may destroy the wall of the borehole. To address these problems, studies were carried out to assess the effect of the wash contact time on annular space cleaning. When determining the time of washing, a compromise between effective cleaning and the stability of the borehole wall is required. In the research presented in this publication, the simplest wash was used, i.e., water. This choice was based on the objective of observing the influence of the wash time on cleaning, i.e., the preparation of the borehole for cementing. By using water, the physicochemical action of surfactants can be ignored. In order to capture changes in cleaning due to differences in contact time, a control test was performed using a pure sandstone core without mud. The effect of the wash contact time on the cleaning of the annular space was investigated by determining the adhesion of the cement sheath to the rock core. First, mud was formed on the core, and then it was removed. By comparing the obtained adhesion to the reference sample, the effectiveness of the deposit removal was determined. On the basis of this research, the optimal wash contact time was determined.

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“…Microcement reduces porosity and increases compressive strength. The percentages of materials used to prepare the cement slurry are summarized in Table 2 [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Efficiency of Sealing the Borehole in Terms of Spacer Pumping Time

2021

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Effect of Cleaning the Annular Space on the Adhesion of the Cement Sheath to the Rock

et al. 2021

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Drilling boreholes in gas zones and in zones with the possibility of migration or gas exhalation requires a high index of well tightness. An important parameter determining the effectiveness of sealing the annular space is the adhesion of the cement sheath to the rock formation. Low values of adhesion of the cement sheath to the rock formation and to the casing surface result in the formation of uncontrolled gas flows. The lack of adhesion also reduces the stabilization of the pipe column. To obtain the required adhesion, the annular space should be properly cleaned. Thorough removal of filter cake from the drilling fluid increases adhesion and reduces gas migration from the annular space. Therefore, in this work, the authors focus on determining the effect of cleaning the annular space on the adhesion of the cement sheath to the rock formation. The results of the research work allow for further research on the modification of spacers and cement slurries in order to obtain the required increase in adhesion. The article presents the issues related to the preparation of the borehole for cementing by appropriate cleaning of the rock formation from the residue of the mud cake. During the implementation of the works, tests of cleaning the rock surface are performed. The obtained results are correlated with the results of adhesion on the rock–cement sheath cleaned of the wash mud cake contact. When analyzing the obtained test results, a relationship is found between the cleaning of the rock surface and the adhesion of the cement sheath to it.

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