The thyroid gland generates the thyroid hormones, which help the appropriate body's metabolism regulation. Generally, the abnormalities of thyroid function are categorized into two classifications such as small thyroid hormone production called hypothyroidism or large thyroid hormone production named hyperthyroidism. The thyroid diagnosis using suitable thyroid data interpretation is considered a very important classification problem. Till now, few contributions are performed in the automatic diagnosis of thyroid disease. The main aim of this research is to work on a novel diagnosis of thyroid approach, which follows a new working model. Here, it dealt with the integration of both the thyroid data and image. Moreover, two important working procedures are carried out such as classification as well as feature extraction. In the initial stage, two feature sorts are extracted. Image features such as gradient as well as neighborhood-based features are extracted and the principle component analysis (PCA) process is included for the feature extraction from thyroid data. Then, the process of classification is carried out in two segments. Here, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is exploited to obtain the classified outcomes bypassing the image itself. At the same time, in order to obtain the data features and image as the input, the Neural Network (NN) is exploited for the classification procedure. At last, both the classified outcomes such as NN as well as CNN are integrated to raise the precise diagnosis rate. Furthermore, the main contribution of this paper is to raise the rate of accuracy, therefore this work attempts to activate the optimization model. In CNN, the convolution layer is optimally chosen and when classifying in the NN model the subjected feature must be optimal. Therefore, the necessary features are chosen optimally. For this purpose, a novel enhanced approach called Improved Binary Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (IBASFS) is the enhancement model of Fish Swarm Algorithm is presented in this paper. At last, the adopted model performances are evaluated with the existing models and it reveals that the enhancement of the adopted model to detect the thyroid.