Transition‐metal carbides (TMCs) are emerging as promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices, owing to their good conductivity and stability. Herein, Mo2C nanoparticles have been successfully encapsulated into a porous N‐doped carbon matrix through in situ confined carbonization. When evaluated as an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), the resultant Mo2C/N‐doped composite (Mo2C‐NC) exhibited a high rate capability and excellent cycle stability with a high capacity retention of 95.4 % after 2500 cycles. The prominent sodium storage performances can be attributed to its special nanoarchitecture, which provides a synergistic effect to offer shortened Na+/e− transfer pathways, highly effective restraint through particle agglomeration, and a buffer for the drastic volume change during the prolonged cycles. Owing to the efficient one‐pot procedure and high electrochemical performances, the porous Mo2C/N‐doped carbon hybrids are great potential anode materials for rechargeable SIBs.