Hybridization, introgression, and linkage evolution

Baird, Stuart J. E.; Gardner, Keith A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4221-2_11

Cited by 107 publications

(139 citation statements)

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“…The increase in the use of molecular markers for studying patterns of hybridization is similar to that seen in other areas of evolutionary biology, and this is largely due to the ability to apply molecular markers in a wide range of situations and analyse the data by using a robust statistical framework based on our current knowledge of evolutionary theory (Rieseberg et al, 2000). Two widely adopted approaches can be used to detect hybridization at different temporal and spatial scales.…”

Section: Approaches Used To Detect Hybridization and Introgressionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Markers used for hybridization studies need to amplify reliably in the divergent parental taxa, and should have diagnostic alleles distinguishing the putative parental species, or at least have a significant difference in allele frequency (Arnold, 1992;Moccia et al, 2007). Preference should be given to mapped markers (see Rieseberg et al, 2000 for more detail) as they can be selected to have a good coverage across each chromosome, and allow the size of introgressed linkage blocks and the rate of linkage block erosion to be estimated.…”

Section: Population Genetic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ideally, these studies aim to have a good coverage of markers distributed across the genome, with a high marker density, in order to accurately detect introgressed linkage blocks. However, this idealized situation is far from reality in all but the most well-developed model systems (Rieseberg et al, 2000;Dempewolf et al, 2010). A major limitation when assessing introgression is the availability of genetic resources to accurately estimate interspecific gene flow; where insufficient molecular markers or gene sequences are studied, cryptic introgression is likely to go undetected (Currat et al, 2008).…”

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Next-generation hybridization and introgression

2011

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Hybridization has a major role in evolution-from the introgression of important phenotypic traits between species, to the creation of new species through hybrid speciation. Molecular studies of hybridization aim to understand the class of hybrids and the frequency of introgression, detect the signature of ancient hybridization, and understand the behaviour of introgressed loci in their new genomic background. This often involves a large investment in the design and application of molecular markers, leading to a compromise between the depth and breadth of genomic data. New techniques designed to assay a large sub-section of the genome, in association with next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, will allow genome-wide hybridization and introgression studies in organisms with no prior sequence data. These detailed genotypic data will unite the breadth of sampling of loci characteristic of population genetics with the depth of sequence information associated with molecular phylogenetics. In this review, we assess the theoretical and methodological constraints that limit our understanding of natural hybridization, and promote the use of NGS for detecting hybridization and introgression between non-model organisms. We also make recommendations for the ways in which emerging techniques, such as pooled barcoded amplicon sequencing and restriction site-associated DNA tags, should be used to overcome current limitations, and enhance our understanding of this evolutionary significant process. Heredity (2012) 108, 179-189; doi:10.1038/hdy.2011.68; published online 7 September 2011Keywords: next-generation sequencing; hybridization; introgression; reticulate evolution; single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) tags INTRODUCTION Hybridization, the crossbreeding between individuals of different species, and introgression, the transfer of genes between species mediated primarily by backcrossing, have been the focus of evolutionary studies over many decades (see Anderson, 1949;Arnold, 1992;Rieseberg and Carney, 1998). Hybridization is potentially a creative evolutionary process, allowing genetic novelties to accumulate faster than through mutation alone (Anderson and Hubricht, 1938;Martinsen et al., 2001). This may increase allelic variation at selectively neutral loci, and transfer adaptively important genetic variation, which may increase the fitness of the introgressed lineage (Choler et al., 2004;Martin et al., 2006;Castric et al., 2008;Kim et al., 2008). Moreover, hybridization can have a role in speciation. Hybridization in association with whole-genome duplication (polyploidy) is considered a likely route to speciation, particularly in plants ( Hegarty and Hiscock, 2008). The difference in ploidy levels between the polyploid hybrid and diploid progenitors acts as a strong reproductive barrier (Soltis et al., 2004), although there are examples of introgression across ploidy levels (for example, Senecio; Chapman and Abbott, 2010). Hybrid speciation can also occur without a change i...

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Section: Approaches Used To Detect Hybridization and Introgressionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Population Genetic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Next-generation hybridization and introgression

2011

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“…Die Hybridisierung ist ohne Zweifel einer der wichtigeren Motoren der Evolution (Petit et al 1999;Rieseberg et al 2000). Dennoch wird die Hybridisierung zwischen nahe verwandten Arten als eine mögliche Gefährdungsursache betrachtet (Vilà et al 2000;Allendorf et al 2001), besonders wenn sie erst durch von Menschen verursachte Arten-Arealverschiebungen ermöglicht wurde (Wolf et al 2001).…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Vorkommen der Kleinen Teichrose Nuphar pumila und des Hybrids N. x intermedia in der Schweiz

Kozlowski

Eggenberg

2005

Bot. Helv.

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Kozlowski G. and Eggenberg S. 2005. Distribution of the least water-lily (Nuphar pumila) and the hybrid N. x intermedia in Switzerland. Bot. Helv. 115: 125-136.The least water-lily (N. pumila (TIMM.) DC) is very rare and endangered in Switzerland and Central Europe. To provide a basis for its conservation, we present a distribution map with all natural, re-introduced and extinct populations in Switzerland. Only four natural populations of N. pumila still exist in Switzerland: Lac de Lussy and Lac des Joncs (FR), Gräppelensee (SG), and Kämmoosteich (ZH). These populations and their sites (lakes) are described, and the co-occurring plant species are listed. Results suggest that the populations from Kämmoosteich and Lac de Lussy are affected by hybridisation and competition with N. lutea. In these two lakes, the hybrid N. x intermedia was very abundant. The presence of N. lutea and N. intermedia in Kämmoosteich and Lac de Lussy should be regarded as one of the most serious threats of pure N. pumila populations. To facilitate further investigation and conservation field work, a detailed morphological description of the two taxons is presented and illustrated by original drawings. To escape extinction in Switzerland, N. pumila needs further appropriate action plans for all natural and newly re-introduced sites as well as an improved knowledge of its genetic structure and habitat preferences.Key words: Conservation biology, distribution map, endangered plant species, hybridisation, Nupharetum pumili, Nympheaceae. EinleitungWährend des letzten Jahrhunderts hat sich unsere Landschaft in vielen Regionen stark verändert; damit wurde auch die Pflanzenwelt erheblich beeinträchtigt. Besonders bedroht sind Arten feuchter Standorte, deren natürliche Lebensgrundlagen durch Entwässerung, Torfausgrabungen und Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft weitgehend 1 Published in "Botanica Helvetica 115(2): 125 -136, 2005" which should be cited to refer to this work.

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“…The degree of genetic divergence between genitors in a hybrid can be estimated not only by chromosome pairing, but also by the frequency of meiotic abnormalities (Rieseberg et al, 2000). In the six progenies, the mean percentage of abnormalities ranged from 16.6 % to 85.6 % ( Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic behavior in apomictic Brachiaria ruziziensis × B. brizantha (Poaceae) progenies

Fuzinatto

Pagliarini

Valle

2012

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Hybrids combining desirable traits from divergent parents are the main objective of some Brachiaria (Syn. Urochloa P. Beauv.) breeding programs. There is great interest in the development of apomictic hybrid cultivars that combine desirable genes such as resistance to spittlebugs, high nutritive value, and tolerance to acid soils. Microsporogenesis of six apomictic progenies resulting from a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) cross between B. ruziziensis × B. brizantha was evaluated under light microscopy. Genetic recombination, ensured by multivalent chromosome association and crossing-over at prophase occurred in low frequency among progenies, and in one, recombination was almost nonexistent. The percentage of meiocytes with meiotic abnormalities among progenies ranged from 16.6 % to 85.6 %. Besides an observed irregular chromosome segregation typical of polyploid hybrids in these five progenies, putative meiotic mutations characterized as desynapsis and divergent spindle organization occurred in three progenies. These anomalies caused frequent fractionation of the genome into several microspores of different sizes. In Brachiaria, new cultivars must be apomictic to fix the genotype. However, Brachiaria is a pseudogamous apomict, and viable gametes are necessary to produce viable seeds. Considering meiotic behavior, only two progenies are promising for advancement in the breeding program.

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Hybridization, introgression, and linkage evolution

Cited by 107 publications

References 119 publications

Next-generation hybridization and introgression

Next-generation hybridization and introgression

Vorkommen der Kleinen Teichrose Nuphar pumila und des Hybrids N. x intermedia in der Schweiz

Meiotic behavior in apomictic Brachiaria ruziziensis × B. brizantha (Poaceae) progenies

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