Hybridization mechanisms between the endangered marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) and the brown trout (Salmo trutta) as revealed by in-stream experiments

Meldgaard, Torben; Crivellì, Alain J.; Jeseňsek, Dušan; Poizat, G.; Rubin, Jean‐François; Berrebi, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2007.01.004

Cited by 53 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the wild, approximately half of mature females reproduce successfully each year (Meldgaard et al 2007; A. J. Crivelli, unpublished data), and we use Bernoulli trials (p = 0.5) to determine if eggs produced by the individual female are viable and thus included in the egg pool. Variation in growth patterns from differences in either individual growth rate or population density affect the reproductive value of individuals.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective consequences of catastrophes for growth rates in a stream-dwelling salmonid

et al. 2011

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Optimal life histories in a fluctuating environment are likely to differ from those that are optimal in a constant environment, but we have little understanding of the consequences of bounded fluctuations versus episodic massive mortality events. Catastrophic disturbances, such as floods, droughts, landslides and fires, substantially alter the population dynamics of affected populations, but little has been done to investigate how catastrophes may act as a selective agent for life-history traits. We use an individual-based model of population dynamics of the stream-dwelling salmonid marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) to investigate how trade-offs between the growth and mortality of individuals and density-dependent body growth can lead to the maintenance of a wide or narrow range of individual variation in body growth rates in environments that are constant (i.e., only demographic stochasticity), variable (i.e., environmental stochasticity), or variable with catastrophic events that cause massive mortalities (e.g., flash floods). We find that occasional episodes of massive mortality can substantially reduce persistent variability in individual growth rates. Lowering the population density reduces density dependence and allows for higher fitness of more opportunistic strategies (rapid growth and early maturation) during the recovery period.

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Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective consequences of catastrophes for growth rates in a stream-dwelling salmonid

et al. 2011

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“…As such, for example, eggs of cohort 2011 were produced in November-December of 2010 and fish emerged in May-June 2011. Marble trout females typically reproduce at age 3þ and older, and at a minimum size of 200 mm, and males age 2þ and older [27]. The population of Zakojska (Zak; lat: 46.1699522 N; long: 13.9510114 E) was established in 1996 by introducing 500 age-1 fish raised in captivity that descended from the genetically pure population of Zadlascica (figure 1).…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Species And Monitored Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and life-history consequences of extreme climate events

Vincenzi

Mangel

Jeseňsek³

et al. 2017

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events. Tests on empirical data of theory-based predictions on the consequences of extreme climate events are thus necessary to understand the adaptive potential of species and the overarching risks associated with all aspects of climate change. We tested predictions on the genetic and life-history consequences of extreme climate events in two populations of marble trout Salmo marmoratus that have experienced severe demographic bottlenecks due to flash floods. We combined long-term field and genotyping data with pedigree reconstruction in a theory-based framework. Our results show that after flash floods, reproduction occurred at a younger age in one population. In both populations, we found the highest reproductive variance in the first cohort born after the floods due to a combination of fewer parents and higher early survival of offspring. A small number of parents allowed for demographic recovery after the floods, but the genetic bottleneck further reduced genetic diversity in both populations. Our results also elucidate some of the mechanisms responsible for a greater prevalence of faster life histories after the extreme event.

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“…Although it is quite clear that this can constitute a serious conservation problem wherever they displace the local species (Ruzycki et al 2003;McHugh et al 2008), some introduced salmonid species do not cross with local species or, where they do, only produce non-fertile descendents. However, other species are able to interbreed with local species and produce fertile hybrids (Meldgaard et al 2007). If hybridization is not generalized, we can act by controlling exotic individuals and, even more importantly, by protecting rivers that are free of introduced individuals.…”

Section: Is Hybridization a Conservation Concern?mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, no simple answer is possible, as humans are commonly either directly or indirectly the main cause of secondary contacts between species. A good example is the introduction of exotic species, which adapt to their new habitats and may hybridize with local species (Huxel 1999;Meldgaard et al 2007;Muñoz-Fuentes et al 2007). Another example is of the the hybridizations occurring due to human-mediated habitat modifications (Wayne and Jenks 1991;Haig et al 2004).…”

Section: Is Hybridization a Conservation Concern?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural hybridization and conservation

Genovart

2008

Biodivers Conserv

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This review deals with natural hybridization, an important subject in conservation biology. Natural hybridization is defined as the secondary contact between two populations that have evolved separately over a long period of time. This process is uncommon in terms of the total number of individuals involved, but is much less unusual if we consider the number of species that hybridize. Thus, natural hybridization may be an important process in the shaping of the evolutionary trajectories of many plant and animal species. The possible consequences of natural hybridization, which can either promote or prevent evolutionary divergence between taxa and will involve many ecological factors, are analysed here. I question whether natural hybridization poses always a problem in conservation and try to answer when conservation biologists and managers do have a responsibility to take decisions. Several examples of hybridization related to management strategies are also discussed. In conclusion, I believe that it is impossible to provide conservation managers with a simple handbook explaining how to proceed in cases of hybridization--each case is unique and should be analyzed individually. The only advice is that the more we know about hybridization and the factors involved, the better we will be able to assess each situation, to establish the possible consequences and even to estimate the probability of success of any particular conservation strategy.

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Hybridization mechanisms between the endangered marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) and the brown trout (Salmo trutta) as revealed by in-stream experiments

Cited by 53 publications

References 42 publications

Selective consequences of catastrophes for growth rates in a stream-dwelling salmonid

Selective consequences of catastrophes for growth rates in a stream-dwelling salmonid

Genetic and life-history consequences of extreme climate events

Natural hybridization and conservation

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