Hydatid cyst of the liver fistulized into the inferior vena cava

Silent Rupture in the Inferior Vena Cava: A Complication Not to Be Ignored in the Presence of a Segment I Hydatid Cyst

“…Despite the fact that hepatic localization is the most frequent, segment I cysts invading the IVC have rarely been discussed in the literature, and only isolated case reports are published without any real recommendations to follow [ 11 ]. This particular localization makes surgery for hydatid cysts, which is normally straightforward, highly complicated, sometimes necessitating vascular exclusion maneuvers [ 4 ].…”

Hydatid cyst of the liver invading the inferior vena cava

“…The hydatid cyst of the liver is a cosmopolitan disease that is endemic in developing countries and represents a serious public health problem in Morocco [6] . The most frequent complications, which occur in 40% of cases, are infectious, biliary, and thoracic ones [4] . Vascular complications are extremely rare.…”

“…They include rupture into the large vessels (portal branch or IVC) and portal hypertension secondary to portal flow obstruction by an infra-, intra- or suprahepatic obstacle [7] . Spontaneous rupture of the hepatic hydatid cyst into the IVC is very rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature [3 , 4 , 6] . The richness of the vascular wall in elastic fibers explains its compliance potential, hence the rarity of opening openings in large vessels [8 , 9] , unlike bile ducts, whose rigid wall easily predisposes to rupture [9] .…”

“…The rupture of the IVC concerns generally hydatid cysts located in the posterior segments of the liver (VII, VIII, and I), and in contact with the IVC. The latter may be compressed or laminated by the cyst, and sometimes it can be partially or totally thrombosed due to the presence of vesicles in its lumen [4] . Doppler ultrasound and MRI angiography confirm the presence of cystic lesions in the retrohepatic vena cava and pulmonary artery [6] .…”

“…It may develop in almost any part of the body, Although the liver (60%-70%), and lungs (20-30%) are the most usually affected organs [2] ; It arises in other abdominal organs in 10% of cases [3] . Hydatid cysts frequently compress the inferior vena cava, however, fistulization or rupture of hydatid liver cysts to the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a very unusual and potentially fatal disease [4 , 5] . This report aims to describe a case of invasion of the IVC by a hydatid cyst of the liver resulting in portal hypertension in a 60-year-old female patient.…”