Hydration Biomarkers and Dietary Fluid Consumption of Women

Armstrong, Lawrence E.; Johnson, Evan C.; Muñoz, Colleen X.; Swokla, Brittany; Bellego, Laurent Le; Jiménez, Liliana; Casa, Douglas J.; Maresh, Carl M.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2012.03.036

Cited by 81 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…11,23,24 During our investigation, a mean urine color of 3 6 1 denoted euhydrated samples, whereas a mean urine color of 6 6 1 denoted hypohydrated samples; these observations align with previous speculations about diagnostic criteria. Cheuvront et al 11 also used ROC curve analysis to determine a criterion value for recognizing BML !2% and reported that a urine color !6 offered the best combination of sensitivity (81%) and specificity (97%) with an AUC of 0.96.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Accuracy of Urine Color to Detect Equal to or Greater Than 2% Body Mass Loss in Men

McKenzie

Muñoz

Armstrong

2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Clinicians and athletes can benefit from fieldexpedient measurement tools, such as urine color, to assess hydration state; however, the diagnostic efficacy of this tool has not been established.Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of urine color assessment to distinguish a hypohydrated state (!2% body mass loss [BML]) from a euhydrated state (,2% BML) after exercise in a hot environment.Design: Controlled laboratory study. Setting: Environmental chamber in a laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-two healthy men (age ¼ 22 6 3 years, height ¼ 180.4 6 8.7 cm, mass ¼ 77.9 6 12.8 kg, body fat ¼ 10.6% 6 4.6%).Intervention(s): Participants cycled at 68% 6 6% of their maximal heart rates in a hot environment (368C 6 18C) for 5 hours or until 5% BML was achieved. At the point of each 1% BML, we assessed urine color.Main Outcome Measure(s): Diagnostic efficacy of urine color was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios.Results: Urine color was useful as a diagnostic tool to identify hypohydration after exercise in the heat (area under the curve ¼ 0.951, standard error ¼ 0.022; P , .001). A urine color of 5 or greater identified BML !2% with 88.9% sensitivity and 84.8% specificity (positive likelihood ratio ¼ 5.87, negative likelihood ratio ¼ 0.13).Conclusions: Under the conditions of acute dehydration due to exercise in a hot environment, urine color assessment can be a valid, practical, inexpensive tool for assessing hydration status. Researchers should examine the utility of urine color to identify a hypohydrated state under different BML conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Accuracy of Urine Color to Detect Equal to or Greater Than 2% Body Mass Loss in Men

McKenzie

Muñoz

Armstrong

2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Height (m) was obtained using a portable stadiometer and waist perimeter (cm) (29) was analyzed through a SECA ® tape measure. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to the following formula: BMI = (weight [kg])/(height 2 [m 2 ]) BMI percentiles were classified using the OMS growth curves (5-18 year-olds): low BMI (< percentile 3), normal BMI (≥ percentile 3 and < percentile 85), overweight (≥ percentile 85 and < percentile 97) and obesity (≥ percentile 97) (15,16).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human organism regulates body water content in order to maintain the equilibrium of fl uid ingestion and excretion through the hypothalamic mechanism of thirst control, antidiuretic hormone regulation, renal function, breathing and perspiration (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary intake according to hydration status in 9-10 year-old soccer players

et al. 2016

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Introduction: Children have an increased risk of voluntary dehydration especially during physical activity which may increase the risk of non-compensating water losses. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the hydration status and its relation to food intake in a children group of soccer players. Method: A sample of 36 boys aged 9-10 years was included in this study; 30 completed a 24 h urine collection. Participants completed a 24 h urine collection; a 24 hours food recall corresponding to the day of urine collection was applied, weight and height were measured and parents/caregivers fi lled a lifestyle and socio-demographic questionnaire. The free water reserve (FWR [ml/24 h] = urine volume [ml/24 h] -obligatory urine volume [ml/24 h]) was used to assess the hydration status. Food and beverage groups were created and models of unconditional logistic regression were fi tted in order to estimate the magnitude of the association between the hydration status and diet. Results: Forty three per cent of participants were classifi ed as at risk of hypohydration. Children who reported a high fruit and vegetables intake (above the median) were at decreased risk of hypohydration (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.04-0.94, p = 0.041), compared to children who reported a low fruit and vegetables intake. Conclusions: Almost half of the children were at risk of hypohydration. Our results suggested that water food sources such as fruit and vegetables may contribute to euhydration.

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“…Salinity, color, sweetness, temperature, flavor, carbonation, and viscosity all affect how much an individual drinks. 51,91,140 Individuals exercising in the heat will voluntarily ingest more fluid if it is chilled. 51, 140 Because people ingest most of their daily fluids with meals, access to ample fluids during meals and adequate time to eat and drink will improve rehydration.…”

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confidence: 99%

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active

McDermott

Anderson

Armstrong

et al. 2017

Journal of Athletic Training

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Objective: To present evidence-based recommendations that promote optimized fluid-maintenance practices for physically active individuals.Background: Both a lack of adequate fluid replacement (hypohydration) and excessive intake (hyperhydration) can compromise athletic performance and increase health risks. Athletes need access to water to prevent hypohydration during physical activity but must be aware of the risks of overdrinking and hyponatremia. Drinking behavior can be modified by education, accessibility, experience, and palatability. This statement updates practical recommendations regarding fluidreplacement strategies for physically active individuals.Recommendations: Educate physically active people regarding the benefits of fluid replacement to promote performance and safety and the potential risks of both hypohydration and hyperhydration on health and physical performance. Quantify sweat rates for physically active individuals during exercise in various environments. Work with individuals to develop fluid-replacement practices that promote sufficient but not excessive hydration before, during, and after physical activity.

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Hydration Biomarkers and Dietary Fluid Consumption of Women

Cited by 81 publications

References 11 publications

Accuracy of Urine Color to Detect Equal to or Greater Than 2% Body Mass Loss in Men

Accuracy of Urine Color to Detect Equal to or Greater Than 2% Body Mass Loss in Men

Dietary intake according to hydration status in 9-10 year-old soccer players

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active

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