Films
with the capacity for photoluminescence and haze, which can
convert UV to visible light and enhance light management, are of great
importance for optoelectronic devices. Here, taking advantage of the
inherent fluorescence and self-assembly properties of lignin, we have
developed a sustainable lignin-derived multifunctional dopant (L-MS-NPs)
for fabricating optical films with haze, fluorescence, and room-temperature
phosphorescence (RTP) together with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The
optical films are used to improve the light-harvesting efficiency
of solar cells. Specifically, attributed to the robust morphology
in the film matrix, L-MS-NPs cause a rough morphology in the surface
of an L-MS-NPs/PVA composite film, which eventually triggers the great
optical haze. Additionally, L-MS-NPs inherit fluorescence properties
from lignin and show fluorescence emission when embed in the film
matrix. Moreover, the PVA film matrix can stabilize the excited triplet
state, which finally induces RTP of L-MS-NPs. The combined haze, fluorescence,
and RTP properties of the L-MS-NPs/PVA composite film enhances the
power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells from
∼3.9 to ∼4.1%.