Hydration Mechanism of Sustainable Clinker-Free Steel Slag Binder and Its Application in Mine Backfill

Xiao, Bolin; Miao, Sheng; Gao, Qian; Chen, Boyu; Li, Shenghui

doi:10.1007/s11837-021-04583-4

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These are significantly higher than the 1 d and 28 d compressive strength of concrete cured at 20 °C, with an increase of approximately 22.15 MPa and 7 MPa, respectively [69]. This is because the higher temperature facilitates the dissolution and deflocculation of active components in steel slag and GBFS [70][71][72][73][74]. When a small amount of cement clinker is used as a modifier, the later compressive strength of SGM is comparable to that of the Portland cement system, but its early strength benefits from the disaggregation of the glassy phase in GBFS and the dissolution of active components in steel slag, thereby improving the strength at all ages.…”

Section: Hardened Properties Of Sgm 41 Mechanical Strengthmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…These are significantly higher than the 1 d and 28 d compressive strength of concrete cured at 20 • C, with an increase of approximately 22.15 MPa and 7 MPa, respectively [69]. This is because the higher temperature facilitates the dissolution and deflocculation of active components in steel slag and GBFS [70][71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Hardened Properties Of Sgm 41 Mechanical Strengthmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Feasibility of Preparing Steel Slag–Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cementitious Materials: Synergistic Hydration, Fresh, and Hardened Properties

Sun,

Hou,

Guo

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Steel slag and GBFS are wastes generated during the steel and iron smelting process, characterized by their considerable production rates and extensive storage capacities. After grinding, they are often used as supplementary cementitious materials. However, the intrinsic slow hydration kinetics of steel slag–GBFS cementitious material (SGM) when exposed to a pure water environment result in prolonged setting times and diminished early-age strength development. The incorporation of modifiers such as gypsum, clinker, or alkaline activators can effectively improve the various properties of SGM. This comprehensive review delves into existing research on the utilization of SGM, examining their hydration mechanisms, workability, setting time, mechanical strengths, durability, and shrinkage. Critical parameters including the performance of base materials (water-to-cement ratio, fineness, and composition) and modifiers (type, alkali content, and dosage) are scrutinized to understand their effects on the final properties of the cementitious materials. The improvement mechanisms of various modifiers on properties are discussed. This promotes resource utilization of industrial solid wastes and provides theoretical support for the engineering application of SGM.

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Section: Hardened Properties Of Sgm 41 Mechanical Strengthmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Hardened Properties Of Sgm 41 Mechanical Strengthmentioning

confidence: 92%

Feasibility of Preparing Steel Slag–Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cementitious Materials: Synergistic Hydration, Fresh, and Hardened Properties

Sun,

Hou,

Guo

et al. 2024

Buildings

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show abstract

“…Among the metallurgical industrial by-products, blast-furnace slag is often used as an SCM for CLSM production, due to its high hydration activity. In addition, steel slag [26,27], ferrochrome slag [28], red mud [29], copper slag [30], and lithium slag [31] are often used in CLSM production.…”

Section: Clsm Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Controlled Low-Strength Materials: Metallurgical Waste Slag as Cementitious Materials

Liu

et al. 2022

Materials

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Increasing global cement and steel consumption means that a significant amount of greenhouse gases and metallurgical wastes are discharged every year. Using metallurgical waste as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) shows promise as a strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by reducing cement production. This strategy also contributes to the utilization and management of waste resources. Controlled low-strength materials (CLSMs) are a type of backfill material consisting of industrial by-products that do not meet specification requirements. The preparation of CLSMs using metallurgical waste slag as the auxiliary cementing material instead of cement itself is a key feature of the sustainable development of the construction industry. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent research progress on the use of metallurgical waste residues (including blast furnace slag, steel slag, red mud, and copper slag) as SCMs to partially replace cement, as well as the use of alkali-activated metallurgical waste residues as cementitious materials to completely replace cement for the production of CLSMs. The general background information, mechanical features, and properties of pozzolanic metallurgical slag are introduced, and the relationship and mechanism of metallurgical slag on the performance and mechanical properties of CLSMs are analyzed. The analysis and observations in this article offer a new resource for SCM development, describe a basis for using metallurgical waste slag as a cementitious material for CLSM preparation, and offer a strategy for reducing the environmental problems associated with the treatment of metallurgical waste.

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“…Carbonating steel slag has several advantages, including the reduction of carbon emissions, resolution of CO 2 emission challenges, improved stability of steel slag in construction applications [13], and early strength enhancement [14]. Owing to its complex mineral composition, steel slag contains significant amounts of f-CaO and f-MgO in addition to its primary components such as C 3 S and C 2 S. These substances contribute to volume stability issues in cementitious systems, a critical concern in steel slag applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Carbonated Steel Slag Admixture in the Cementitious System

Sun,

Wang,

Wang

2023

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Global warming caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has emerged as an undeniable environmental concern. While advocating for energy conservation and emissions reduction, the challenge of addressing the substantial CO2 emissions cannot be underestimated. Currently, steel slag is utilized in carbon capture and storage technology due to its potential for carbonation. However, the carbonation of steel slag necessitates a stable and cost-effective carbon source. Industrial exhaust gases are considered a viable option, but they often have low CO2 concentrations, resulting in sluggish carbonation rates. Therefore, this study focuses on directly converting steel slag powder into concrete mineral admixtures to enhance the carbonation rate at low CO2 concentrations. Experimental results reveal that a carbonation time of 3–7 days, a liquid–solid ratio of 50%, and the selection of sodium silicate as the alkali activator yield the optimal carbonation conditions. Under these conditions, the CO2 uptake can reach 15.3%–16.0%, and the f-CaO content can be reduced to 0.2%–0.3%. Mixing 30% carbonated steel slag powder with P·Ⅰ 42.5 cement in mortar samples yields a compressive strength of 32.1 MPa at 7 days and 47.5 MPa at 28 days, along with a flexural strength of 6.2 MPa at 7 days and 8.0 MPa at 28 days. The addition of carbonated steel slag powder not only enhances the mechanical properties but also reduces the pore diameter in the hardened cementitious system. In 7 days, the pore size decreases from being concentrated around 349 nm to approximately 282 nm, and in 28 days, the pore size decreases from being concentrated around 62 nm to roughly 55 nm. This transformation is primarily attributed to the role played by calcite grains in the carbonated steel slag powder, which facilitates nucleation and filling effects.

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Hydration Mechanism of Sustainable Clinker-Free Steel Slag Binder and Its Application in Mine Backfill

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Feasibility of Preparing Steel Slag–Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cementitious Materials: Synergistic Hydration, Fresh, and Hardened Properties

Feasibility of Preparing Steel Slag–Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Cementitious Materials: Synergistic Hydration, Fresh, and Hardened Properties

Research Progress on Controlled Low-Strength Materials: Metallurgical Waste Slag as Cementitious Materials

Properties of Carbonated Steel Slag Admixture in the Cementitious System

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