Hydration numbers of sea water basic ions found by the pulse method of proton NMR

Ion hydration effects in aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes, according to proton magnetic relaxation measurements

“…The slope of the curves grew with the rise in temperature (and thus molecular mobility). Tangents to the curves in Figures 1 and 2 crossed at the points corresponding to the num bers of hydration of the single component solution [17] and SW [14]. These points also corresponded to the greatest variations in the first derivative.…”

“…In some cases, the temperatures of such transfers were indi cated. Similar patterns were found in [14][15][16]. This change in hydration sign with a rise in temperature is an probably an apparent effect, since it is caused by accelerating the exchange of water molecules between the hydration shells and bulk water phase.…”

“…The procedures for preparing aqueous solutions and making PMR measurements were essentially the same as those described in [14][15][16]18]. The accuracy of Т 1 measurements of was within ~1% with a confi dence level of 0.98.…”

“…We should recall at this point that seawater is not merely an aqueous solution of a great many salts in different concentrations, but a complex ion-molecular system in dynamic equilib rium. The relative contributions from the salts and the components of artificial SW prepared according to Lyman [11] to the measured relaxation rate were determined from their concentration in SW with a salinity of 35‰ [14]. The highest values were obtained for NaCl and MgCl 2 .…”

“…Magnetic relaxation pro cesses in aqueus solutions were most thoroughly stud ied in [17]. In earlier works, the hydration processes in electrolyte aqueous solutions were described on the basis of measurements of PMR rates [14][15][16]18].…”