Hydration of fac-tris(2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N)iridium(III) in dichloromethane solution and in solid state

H2O-Induced Crystallization of Organic Luminescent Thin Films by Direct Film Storage in a High Vacuum

“…In any case, such effects are strong enough to provoke the molecular rearrangement in OSC thin films. For the case of Ir­(ppy) 3 , Takayasu et al reported the hydration of Ir­(ppy) 3 molecules in dichloromethane and in pseudo-polymorph crystals grown from dichloromethane containing H 2 O . Thermogravimetric analysis and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra estimated that two and six H 2 O molecules were attached to one Ir­(ppy) 3 molecule in the solution and the crystals, respectively.…”

“…60 Since the interaction of each molecule with H 2 O is a delicate interplay of some electrostatic forces, such as a hydrogen bond, dipole interaction, and van der Waals interactions, it is quite difficult to simulate the structural modification induced by H 2 O molecules. In any case, such 61 Thermogravimetric analysis and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra estimated that two and six H 2 O molecules were attached to one Ir(ppy) 3 molecule in the solution and the crystals, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements detected two diffraction peaks for the crystals containing H 2 O molecules at q z = 6.7 and 7.2 nm −1 .…”

Gamma radiation induced variation in structure formation and optical characteristics of evaporated tris [2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N]iridium(III) films prepared by electron beam evaporator in photovoltaic applications

“…Note that irradiation increased the peak intensity related to the change in the grain size and disorder in the films. On the other hand, the XRD pattern of Ir ppy 3 ( ) in powder form was compared with one of the previous studies, and it was found they are quiet similar to each other [41]. The Debye-Scherrer equation [42] was used to estimate the crystallite size, (D):…”

“…In this model, the peaks at 10.48°and 27.51°corresponded to the 110 ( ) and 211 ( ) planes, respectively, and appeared in the powder, as-deposited, and irradiated conditions. The peak at 230 ( ) disappeared when the powder evaporated and was deposited as a film due to the influence of randomization during evaporation [41]. Note that irradiation increased the peak intensity related to the change in the grain size and disorder in the films.…”

“…Table 2 presents the crystallite size of the powder, as-deposited, and irradiated Ir ppy 3 ( ) films at 6 kGy. After irradiation, D increased from 16 to 49 nm, implying that the radiation exposure can influence the accumulated densification of the Ir ppy 3 ( ) film and change the optical properties of the tested sample [41]. The degree of crystallinity rearrangement when the deposition and irradiation techniques were used led to the micro strain (ε s ) evolution determined as follows [42]:…”