Hydration of mechanically activated blended cements studied by in situ X-ray diffraction

Efficient complex activation of Portland cement through processing it in the vortex layer machine

“…With that, no single approach or only‐correct opinion on what machines are most efficient for activation, was formed. Some scientists assert viability of activation in vibration mills, while others claim highest efficiency of activation in planetary mills; also, some consider fair efficiency of activation in shredders and rotary‐pulse machines …”

Binding Properties of Mechanically Activated Nepheline Containing Mining Waste

“…As a result of mechanical activation of the blend, defects were formed on the surface of nepheline particles, which, apparently, were active centers that accelerated the hydration of clinker minerals by the mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation [64]. The supporting evidence for this hypothesis was obtained from investigation of the dynamics of phase formation in the early stages of hardening of the mechanically activated Portland cementnepheline concentrate blend using in situ X-ray diffraction in conjunction with the Rietveld method [65]. The content of Portland cement in the blend was 30 wt.…”

“…Mechanical activation of the Portland cement without additive and the Portland cement-nepheline concentrate blend was carried out in air for 270 s. The percentages of Ca3SiO5 (alite) and Са(ОН)2 (portlandite) in a hardening paste as functions of curing time for 100% Portland cement and the Portland cement-nepheline concentrate blend are presented in Figures 6 and 7, respectively. For comparison purposes, for the Portland cement, nepheline concentrate blends the calculated content of alite ( Figure 6, curve 2) and portlandite ( Figure 7, curve 2) were normalized to "100% Portland cement", that is, the content of the nepheline concentrate in the blend was not taken into consideration [65]. The supporting evidence for this hypothesis was obtained from investigation of the dynamics of phase formation in the early stages of hardening of the mechanically activated Portland cement-nepheline concentrate blend using in situ X-ray diffraction in conjunction with the Rietveld method [65] Figure 6, curve 2) and portlandite ( Figure 7, curve 2) were normalized to "100% Portland cement", that is, the content of the nepheline concentrate in the blend was not taken into consideration [65].…”

“…For comparison purposes, for the Portland cement, nepheline concentrate blends the calculated content of alite ( Figure 6, curve 2) and portlandite ( Figure 7, curve 2) were normalized to "100% Portland cement", that is, the content of the nepheline concentrate in the blend was not taken into consideration [65]. The supporting evidence for this hypothesis was obtained from investigation of the dynamics of phase formation in the early stages of hardening of the mechanically activated Portland cement-nepheline concentrate blend using in situ X-ray diffraction in conjunction with the Rietveld method [65] Figure 6, curve 2) and portlandite ( Figure 7, curve 2) were normalized to "100% Portland cement", that is, the content of the nepheline concentrate in the blend was not taken into consideration [65]. The supporting evidence for this hypothesis was obtained from investigation of the dynamics of phase formation in the early stages of hardening of the mechanically activated Portland cementnepheline concentrate blend using in situ X-ray diffraction in conjunction with the Rietveld method [65] Figure 6, curve 2) and portlandite ( Figure 7, curve 2) were normalized to "100% Portland cement", that is, the content of the nepheline concentrate in the blend was not taken into consideration [65].…”

Comparison of the effect of superplasticizing admixtures on the processes of cement hydration during mechanochemical activation

“…Analysis of literary sources [15,16] displayed that the efficiency of cement grinding with SAS depends on its most important factors: their nature, concentration, humidity, the working mode of the grinding equipment.…”