Hydraulic Analysis of Biochannels for Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems

Abstract

Abstract. This study focuses on employing channel lining materials that includes Turf Reinforcements Mat (TRM) and Erosion Control Blanket (ECB) as bioengineering techniques for erosion control. Hydraulic characteristics of flow through these materials were determined in terms of flow velocities and shear stresses. The experimental results indicated that the average velocity for TRM ranges between 0.6 to 3.5 m/s, while that of ECB varies from 0.7 to 4.1 m/s. Also, TRM has shear stress values of 1.950 N/m 3 for bed and 1.575 N/m 3 for bank respectively of test channel when the flow depth was 15cm. While ECB has shear stresses of 2.138 N/m3 for bed and 1.721 N/m 3 for bank for same flow depth of 15cm. However, when the flow depth is 5 cm, TRM has values of 0.972 N/m 3 for bed and 0.769 N/m 3 for bank, and ECB gives 0.957 N/m 3 for bed and 0.766 N/m 3 for bank of test channel. Hence, the greater the flow depth, the higher the velocities and shear stresses respectively. Conversely, lower flow depths lead to velocities and shear stresses that are within the allowable standards for designing a stable channel. Generally, TRM performed the best for having higher shear stresses compared to ECB.

A Systematic Literature Mining of Sponge City: What Has Been Done and The Challenges Standing Ahead

“…For example, Sponge city practices in Beijing [59,60,61], Tianjin [62] etc. The type IV describes the development of new technologies, tools or approaches in this field, such as green roof [63,64], rain garden [65,66], urban hydrology [67], which includes 109 papers and represents 11.331%. As for the type V, review of Sponge city, only takes up 7.173% of the total research, that is, 69 papers in all during the period of 1980 to 2018.…”