Hydraulic fracture studies of reservoirs with an emphasis on pore fracture geometry studies by developing fracture and Microseismic estimations

Abstract

Nondestructive measurements and evaluation has great significance in various domains of science, engineering and technology. The objective of this research is to investigate the anisotropic behavior in a sandstone sample from non-invasive tests using Laser Doppler Vibrometer coupled with Piezoelectric Transducer and to validate these results using a laboratory scale controlled hydraulic fracturing arrangement. High-resolution 3-component single-point seismograms were generated for the core sample using a combination of 1 MHz Piezoelectric Transducer as a source of elastic waves that travel within the reservoir rock sample and Laser Doppler Vibrometer as the receiver. Hilbert transforms of the 3-component data were calculated to obtain the complex signal. Shear wave splitting phenomenon due to anisotropy in rock was examined and the resultant S H and S V wave polarizations were measured. Elastic tensor for the core sample was subsequently determined from the velocity picks within the Hilbert energy envelope followed by the estimation of Thomsen's parameters. The hodogram analysis was performed to assess the process of shear wave splitting in the rock sample that detects the anisotropy of the medium and this, in turn, specifies the characteristics of weakness planes. Laboratory scale controlled hydraulic fracturing was performed to verify whether the fractures propagate along the anisotropic planes of weakness. Real-time fracture detection was carried out during this process and its propagation features were studied. The fractured core sample was imaged under the slice Computed Tomography scan machine to perceive the mode and propagation of fractures in the rock specimen.

Thermodynamic, Rheological, and Electrical Properties of Hydrate Inhibitors: Implications for Natural Gas Production and Flow Assurance

“…The global population is steadily increasing, resulting in a higher need for energy to sustain daily tasks, build infrastructure, and foster economic expansion. − To tackle the difficulties linked to rising global energy demand, a comprehensive strategy is needed. The strategy should include steps to improve energy efficiency, promote the utilization of renewable energy resources, and adopt sustainable practices in different sectors.…”

Review and Perspectives of Energy-Efficient Methane Production from Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs Using Carbon Dioxide Exchange Technology

“…Today’s world is moving toward a sustainable economy, where the operations must be powered by sustainable sources by curbing the reliance on sources that cause severe environmental damage. Natural gas can play a crucial role, and the market for natural gas is predicted to rise exponentially in the upcoming years. , Unconventional hydrocarbon gas resources must be relied upon to mitigate potential energy crises. − The most conservative estimations state that the carbon reserves in gas hydrates worldwide are at least twice that of all other fossil fuel-based reserves. Gas hydrates structures, lately called zeolitic ice, are composed of 85% water, making them most similar to ice .…”