Hydraulic Model Database for Applied Water Distribution Systems Research

Ormsbee, Lindell; Hoagland, Steven; Hall, Ashley M.; Ostfeld, Avi

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001559

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These are comparable to other first order decay rates in other networks (Boccelli et al 2003). Calibrated versions of the input files were archived from the Water Distribution System Research Database operated by the University of Kentucky (Ormsbee et al 2022). The input files included nodal demand and water-quality data, which were used in the simulations.…”

Section: Network Characteristics and Populationsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Exploring Vulnerable Nodes, Impactful Viral Intrusion Sites, and Viral Infection Risk Reductions Offered by Chlorine Boosters in Municipal Drinking Water Networks

Lee

Wilson

Cooksey

et al. 2022

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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The effects of drinking water system infrastructure on water quality and health following intrusion events have not been extensively studied. This study proposes a coupling of hydraulic and water-quality modeling with quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to characterize microbial infection risks. Two networks were considered based on their network configuration. We assumed a continuous intrusion of enterovirus under three scenarios. The location of vulnerable and influential nodes in a looped and a branched network were compared, followed by a comparison of chlorine booster placement to reduce infection risks. The most vulnerable nodes in the branched network were generally downstream of the intrusion site, whereas those for the looped network were in the middle of the network due to tank dynamics. Influential injection nodes for the looped network were also in the middle of the network but mostly located at the upstream nodes for the branched network. A single chlorine booster yielded a risk reduction (47.6%) for the branched network, greater than for the looped network (nearly none). Two chlorine boosters reduced the looped network risks more notably (63%). The generalizability of these results to other networks likely depends upon specific network hydraulics and variability in municipal drinking water use. This work will help public water system managers in identifying vulnerable points in their distribution system and optimal locations for risk reduction strategy implementation.

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Section: Network Characteristics and Populationsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Exploring Vulnerable Nodes, Impactful Viral Intrusion Sites, and Viral Infection Risk Reductions Offered by Chlorine Boosters in Municipal Drinking Water Networks

Lee

Wilson

Cooksey

et al. 2022

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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show abstract

“…This is the main reason why methods are not applied to the same network as first benchmark, which is a major obstacle to a structured comparison among the different methodologies. An effort in this direction has been made by Creaco and Pezzinga (2018) and by Ormsbee et al (2022): the former compared different optimization methodologies using the same reference network; the latter created an organized database of several networks that can be used for water distribution research activities. A repository is accessible and can be freely used by researchers (University of Kentucky 2022).…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Metaheuristic Methodologies for Leakage Reduction and Energy Saving in Water Distribution Networks

Ferrarese,

Medoukali,

Mirauda

et al. 2024

Water Resour Manage

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Metaheuristic methods have emerged as powerful tools for solving complex optimization problems in various domains, including the sustainability of water distribution systems. They provide efficient and effective solutions by mimicking natural processes and searching for the optimal option within a large solution space. Despite the existence of these methods in the water distribution field for several years, a direct comparison between the various proposed solutions often proves challenging, due to the different parameter definitions used by the authors. The present review presents the solutions proposed by a total of 36 research papers taken from the Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases focusing on the application of metaheuristic methods for leakage reduction and energy saving in water distribution networks. The review is intended to facilitate comparative analysis among the solutions proposed by authors concerning key aspects of the optimization process. These aspects include the definition of the algorithm, the specification of the objective function, and the strategies employed for reducing the search space. The characteristics of the networks used as case studies by the reviewed papers are also presented to allow the reader to evaluate the applicability of the solutions to specific networks.

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“…For the second example network system, the Fossolo WDS was considered. This benchmark network is traditionally subjected to a single loading condition, which is available in the network database [43]. In order to analyze it under multiple loading conditions, the demand pattern used for the first network example (the NET-1 example) was applied to simulate the loading conditions for 24 h. Three different combinations of four booster chlorination locations were considered for the study, as shown in Figure 7.…”

Section: Network Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Optimal Booster Disinfectant Injection in Water Systems under Uncertainty

Boindala

Jaykrishnan

Ostfeld

2023

Water

Self Cite

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Water distribution systems (WDSs) require high-quality water for safe consumption. To achieve this, disinfectants such as chlorine are often added to the water in the system. However, it is important to regulate the levels of chlorine to ensure they fall within acceptable limits. The higher limit is to control disinfection by-products, while the lower limit is established to guarantee that the water is free of organic contaminants. The rate at which chlorine reacts within the pipes is affected by various factors, such as the type of pipe, its age, the pH level of the water, the temperature, and others. This variability makes it challenging to accurately model water quality in WDSs, which can impact the optimal rate of booster injection. To address the uncertainty in the chlorine reaction rate, the current research proposes a robust counterpart reformulation of the booster chlorination scheduling problem, which considers the chlorination reaction rate as uncertain. The proposed reformulation was tested on two benchmark WDSs and analyzed with a thorough sensitivity analysis. The results showed that as the size of the uncertainty set increased, the injection mass also increased. This reformulated approach can be applied to any WDS and provides a way to obtain optimal scheduling within the desired protection levels.

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Hydraulic Model Database for Applied Water Distribution Systems Research

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Exploring Vulnerable Nodes, Impactful Viral Intrusion Sites, and Viral Infection Risk Reductions Offered by Chlorine Boosters in Municipal Drinking Water Networks

Exploring Vulnerable Nodes, Impactful Viral Intrusion Sites, and Viral Infection Risk Reductions Offered by Chlorine Boosters in Municipal Drinking Water Networks

Review of Metaheuristic Methodologies for Leakage Reduction and Energy Saving in Water Distribution Networks

Robust Optimal Booster Disinfectant Injection in Water Systems under Uncertainty

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