Hydraulic performance of a new district heating systems with distributed variable speed pumps

District heating and cooling optimization and enhancement – Towards integration of renewables, storage and smart grid

“…Up to 70% pump power can be saved by using distributed variable speed pumps to replace conventional central circulating pumps [50]. It has been proved that variable flow -variable temperature can achieve the lowest energy consumption when compared with variable flow -constant temperature, constant flow -variable temperature and constant flow -constant temperature [54].…”

Energy saving analyses on the reconstruction project in district heating system with distributed variable speed pumps

“…They pointed out that the hydraulic stability and controllability of the new system was greatly improved in addition to the obvious energy saving effect [13]. Nowadays, efforts connected to energy savings demand the search for new technical and scientific expertise in the field of heating techniques [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. But in these literatures, the research of pipe diameter size in the two systems is not a detailed analysis.…”

Online hydraulic calculation and operation optimization of industrial steam heating networks considering heat dissipation in pipes

“…At present, when calculating the steam flow regime in the pipes of a ring-shaped network, graph theory [8e12] and Kirchhoff's law [9,13] are used to divide the network into several loops and to analyze the hydraulic condition with numerical methods [14] respectively. Technical University of Denmark [15] and software TERMIS [16] put forward a "node method" to simulate the temperature dynamics of DH systems, Irina Gabrielaitiene et al [17] validated this method with time dependent consumer data from a Naestved DH system.…”