Hydraulic performance of horizontal constructed wetlands for stormwater treatment: A pilot-scale study in the Mediterranean

Sacco, Alessandro; Cirelli, Giuseppe Luigi; Ventura, Delia; Barbagallo, S.; Licciardello, Feliciana

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106290

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Therefore, we anticipated that the use of a mortar layer would decrease the heavy metal loading onto the Na-Zeolite adsorbent layer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pilot-scale field study using a filter comprising mortar and Na-zeolite, though research has been conducted for a swale [37], coagulation and filtration systems [38], wetlands [39][40][41][42], bioretention [43], a biochar and woodchip bioreactor [44], a filter of granular activated carbon, anthracite, and sand [45], and a sand filter [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pilot Study of a Dual-Media Filter Consisting of Mortar and Modified Zeolite for Removing Heavy Metals from Expressway Stormwater Runoff

Kim,

2023

Water

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Stormwater runoff from expressways generally has high concentrations of heavy metals. However, the heavy metal removal of conventional sand filters is low, so a better alternative is required. In this study, several inexpensive materials were tested for their heavy metal adsorption, and the performances of the selected materials were evaluated via field tests. The results of laboratory experiments showed that the Cu adsorption capacity followed the order of Na-zeolite > zeolite > biochar > granular ferric hydroxide > sand ≥ orchid stone. The performance of a pilot-scale dual-media filter filled with Na-zeolite and mortar granules was monitored for four rainfall events at an expressway site, and was compared to that of a sand filter. Both filters showed similar event mean concentration (EMC) removal for BOD, COD, TOC, and T-N, without a notable decrease in hydraulic conductivity. However, the removal of T-P, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and Fe by the dual-media filter was 37.6–74.8%, 59.1–90.1%, 84.9–99.7%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 78.7–94.4%, respectively, which was up to 4.5 times of that of the sand filter. In addition, it was stable regardless of the influent EMCs. Overall, we showed that the dual-media filter is excellent in heavy metal removal from stormwater runoff, with negligible clogging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pilot Study of a Dual-Media Filter Consisting of Mortar and Modified Zeolite for Removing Heavy Metals from Expressway Stormwater Runoff

Kim,

2023

Water

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“…Constructed wetlands are artificial, shallow and extensively vegetated water bodies. They aim to remove pollutants including dissolved pollutants from stormwater runoff, enhance landscape amenity as well as ensure stormwater reuse as a supplementary benefit [22,23]. Commonly, a constructed wetland contains an inlet zone, a macrophyte zone and a bypass channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranking Three Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Practices Based on Hydraulic and Water Quality Treatment Performance: Implications for Effective Stormwater Treatment Design

Liu

Egodawatta

Goonetilleke

2022

Water

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Bioretention basins, constructed wetlands and roadside swales are among the most common Water-Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) or stormwater quality treatment systems. Although these systems can reduce stormwater quantity and improve quality, their hydraulic and water quality treatment performances are different. The aim of this study was to investigate the hydraulic and water quality performance of a bioretention basin, a constructed wetland and a roadside swale by analyzing monitored water quantity and quality data from a range of rainfall events using a ranking approach. The study outcomes showed that a bioretention basin performed better in relation to peak flow and runoff volume reduction while the constructed wetland tended to produce better outflow water quality. The roadside swale had a relatively lower capacity for treating stormwater. These results suggest that a bioretention basin could be the preferred option when the primary requirement is water quantity improvement. However, if water quality improvement is the primary consideration, a constructed wetland could be more efficient. Additionally, when designing a treatment train, it appears to be preferable to place a bioretention basin prior to a constructed wetland. Further, a swale appears to be more appropriate for use as a pretreatment device. The research study outcomes will contribute to effective stormwater treatment design.

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“…Besides the reusable effluent, they integrate water service management and reduce the resource demands for freshwater [5]. Anyway, managers often have to face pore clogging, a complex and changeling phenomenon that affects TWs during their operational life [6]. In addition, the new century's challenges as global warming and climate change have pushed several authors to study TWs also in terms of environmental sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Solids Accumulation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Substrate, Plant Growth and Performance of a Mediterranean Horizontal Flow Treatment Wetland

Sacco¹,

Sciuto²,

Licciardello³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of solids accumulation on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, substrate, plant growth and performance of a horizontal flow (HF) treatment wetland (TW) planted with Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. sub sp. australis. The study was carried out in an eight-year-old full-scale HF-TW located in the Mediterranean region (Sicily, Italy). To collect data inside the HF unit, nine observation points (besides the inlet and the outlet) along three 8.5 m long transects (T1, T2, and T3) were identified. The first transect (close to the inlet zone) showed hydraulic conductivity (Ks) reduction of about one order of magnitude higher than the other two. Results highlighted GHG emissions increasing during the summer when temperature and solar radiation were higher than in the rest of the year. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emis-sions decreased from T1 to T3, with maximum monthly values in T1 (21.4 g CO2 m-2 d-1) about double with respect to T2 (12.6 g CO2 m-2 d-1) and T3 (10.7 g CO2 m-2 d-1) observed in July. The CO2 seasonal trend was similar to that of P. Australis growth. Theoretical me-thane (CH4) emissions followed the trend of volatile solids (VS), which was about 3.5 and 4 times in T1 to T2 and T3. The highest CH4 emissions in T1 were probably due to anaerobic bacteria (methanogens) that proliferated in the waterlogged, anoxic part of TW. The pore-clogging affected the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency which de-creasing from T1 to T3 for the observation period. Notwithstanding this behaviour, the final effluent quality was very satisfactory with the average value of COD removal efficiency above 90%.

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Hydraulic performance of horizontal constructed wetlands for stormwater treatment: A pilot-scale study in the Mediterranean

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

The Pilot Study of a Dual-Media Filter Consisting of Mortar and Modified Zeolite for Removing Heavy Metals from Expressway Stormwater Runoff

The Pilot Study of a Dual-Media Filter Consisting of Mortar and Modified Zeolite for Removing Heavy Metals from Expressway Stormwater Runoff

Ranking Three Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Practices Based on Hydraulic and Water Quality Treatment Performance: Implications for Effective Stormwater Treatment Design

Effects of Solids Accumulation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Substrate, Plant Growth and Performance of a Mediterranean Horizontal Flow Treatment Wetland

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