Hydrilla Management in Piedmont Reservoirs Using Herbicides and Triploid Grass Carp: A Case Study

Manuel, Kenneth L.; Kirk, John H.; Barwick, D. Hugh; Bowen, Tommy W.

doi:10.1080/02755947.2013.768570

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition to commercial Atlantic salmon aquaculture, the production and use of triploid fish and shellfish has been trialed over several decades for diverse purposes including reproductive containment of fish released into the wild to control weed growth [41], deliberate augmentation of recreational fisheries without causing genetic changes to the native populations [42,43], biocontainment of transgenic fish in aquaculture [17] and inhibition of sexual product development to enhance product-value [11]. As within Atlantic salmon aquaculture, other species of triploid fish also display production challenges, and the potential underlying mechanisms reasoned within this study, may also exist for these species.…”

Section: Implications For Commercial Production Of Triploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome aberrations in pressure-induced triploid Atlantic salmon

et al. 2020

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Background: Triploid organisms have three sets of chromosomes. In Atlantic salmon, hydrostatic pressure treatment of newly fertilized eggs has been extensively used to produce triploids which are functionally sterile due to their unpaired chromosomes. These fish often perform poorly on commercial farms, sometimes without explanation. Inheritance patterns in individuals subjected to pressure treatment have not been investigated in Atlantic salmon thus far. However, work on other species suggests that this treatment can result in aberrant inheritance. We therefore studied this in Atlantic salmon by genotyping 16 polymorphic microsatellites in eyed eggs and juveniles which had been subjected to pressure-induction of triploidy. Communally reared juveniles including fish subjected to pressure-induction of triploidy and their diploid siblings were included as a control. Results: No diploid offspring were detected in any of the eggs or juveniles which were subjected to hydrostatic pressure; therefore, the induction of triploidy was highly successful. Aberrant inheritance was nevertheless observed in 0.9% of the eggs and 0.9% of the juveniles that had been subjected to pressure treatment. In the communally reared fish, 0.3% of the fish subjected to pressure treatment displayed aberrant inheritance, while their diploid controls displayed 0% aberrant inheritance. Inheritance errors included two eyed eggs lacking maternal DNA across all microsatellites, and, examples in both eggs and juveniles of either the maternal or paternal allele lacking in one of the microsatellites. All individuals displaying chromosome aberrations were otherwise triploid. Conclusions: This is the first study to document aberrant inheritance in Atlantic salmon that have been subjected to pressure-induction of triploidy. Our experiments unequivocally demonstrate that even when induction of triploidy is highly successful, this treatment can cause chromosome aberrations in this species. Based upon our novel data, and earlier studies in other organisms, we hypothesize that in batches of Atlantic salmon where low to modest triploid induction rates have been reported, aberrant inheritance is likely to be higher than the rates observed here. Therefore, we tentatively suggest that this could contribute to the unexplained poor performance of triploid salmon that is occasionally reported in commercial aquaculture. These hypotheses require further investigation.

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Section: Implications For Commercial Production Of Triploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome aberrations in pressure-induced triploid Atlantic salmon

et al. 2020

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“…The induction of triploidy has become a popular tool for the production of sterile fish in the aquaculture and fisheries sectors (Manuel et al 2013 ; Taylor et al 2014 ). Triploids have been commercially or experimentally produced in many fish and shellfish species by hydrostatic pressure, heat, cold or chemical shocks (Piferrer et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature on feed intake and plasma chemistry after exhaustive exercise in triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta L)

Preston

Taylor

Fjelldal

et al. 2016

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The physiological effect of temperature on feed intake and haematological parameters after exhaustive swimming in diploid and triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta) was investigated. Trout were exposed to an incremental temperature challenge (2 °C/day) from ambient (6 °C) to either 10 or 19 °C. Feed intake profiles did not differ between ploidy at 10 °C; however, triploids had a significantly higher total feed intake at 19 °C. After 24 days, each temperature–ploidy group was exposed to exhaustive swimming for 10 min. The haematological response differed between ploidy, with the magnitude of the response affected by temperature and ploidy. Post-exercise, acid–base and ionic differences were observed. Plasma lactate increased significantly from rest for both temperature and ploidy groups, but glucose increased significantly at higher temperature. Post-exercise, triploids at 19 °C had significantly higher osmolality and cholesterol than diploids, but differences were resumed within 4 h. Elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in fish at higher temperature suggested greater tissue damage; however, both ploidy responded similarly. Despite no significant differences in deformity prevalence, the type and location of deformities observed differed between ploidy (decreased intervertebral space with higher prevalence in tail area and fin regions for diploids, while vertebral compression, fusion in cranial and caudal trunks for triploids). These results suggest triploids have greater appetite than diploids at elevated temperature and that triploids suffer similar blood disturbances after exercise as diploids. These findings have implications for the management of freshwater ecosystems and suggest that stocking triploid brown trout may offer an alternative to diploid brown trout.

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“…Black Carp primarily feed on mollusks and insects and are becoming an increasing threat to native mussel beds in waterways throughout the Mississippi River Basin (Kroboth et al 2019;Poulton et al 2019). The only Asian carp species still actively stocked in the United States is the Grass Carp , which is herbivorous and used by managers and private owners to control aquatic vegetation in lakes and ponds (Garner et al 2013;Manuel et al 2013;Stich et al 2013). However, Grass Carp that escape into systems they were not intentionally stocked can have serious consequences on aquatic plant communities and organisms that rely on them Krupska et al 2012).…”

Section: Four Species Of Asian Carp Have Been Introduced To the Unite...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection and movements of diploid and triploid grass carp in a large reservoir

Hessler

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Grass Carp, an herbivorous fish introduced in North America to control aquatic vegetation, has become an increasing ecological threat to aquatic ecosystems they invade. Grass Carp have the potential to cause declines and alterations in aquatic vegetation communities, which in turn can have negative impacts on native species reliant on aquatic vegetation. In the last ten years, frequent captures and observed spawning of wild fish have increased concerns of Grass Carp establishment in novel waterways. A particular concern is the potential establishment of fish in Lake Erie and its tributaries. Understanding Grass Carp habitat selection might be useful in population control by guiding harvest actions. In addition, understanding movement ecology of Grass Carp might help to predict where Grass Carp go and what cues initiate those movements. Identifying predictable movement behaviors to heavily used sites might also be useful in control efforts. In this study, I tracked Grass Carp to evaluate winter habitat selection and to determine whether using tagged (Judas) fish is effective in removing wild fish during winter. In addition, this study aimed to characterize upstream migrations into lake tributaries and determine if diploid and triploid fish exhibit similar behaviors. From 2017-2019, I tracked 86 Grass Carp tagged with acoustic transmitters in Truman Reservoir, Missouri to answer these questions. I employed Bayesian discrete choice models to determine winter habitat selection of tagged fish. Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine environmental conditions associated with upstream migrations. Tagged Grass Carp showed strong selection for shallow littoral habitats, and 75 percent of locations were in waters [less than or equal to] 3 m deep. Attempts to capture fish with trammel nets using the Judas method proved difficult with only 1.9 fish caught/netting attempt versus 1.2 caught/netting attempt when selecting areas with suitable Grass Carp habitat for harvest. Fish were often observed near inundated vegetation, with food material collected in 29 of the 31 guts I sampled from fish harvested during capture attempts, which is indicative of overwinter feeding. Eleven fish (6 diploid and 5 triploid) exhibited upstream migrations over the 2018 and 2019 spawning seasons on the Osage River above Truman Reservoir, with distances between 13.6 - 108.1 river km observed. Three of the ten fish in 2019 (2 diploid and 1 triploid) made two migrations and one diploid made three migrations. Upstream migrations were observed from late April to early July and were strongly associated with river temperatures between 15 - 26[degrees] C when river levels were rising at a rate > 0.9 m/ 12 h. Five lake resident fish made upstream movements into tributaries during rising river events, indicative that fish residing in the lake proper respond to cues to move upstream. Winter habitat selection suggests that efforts to reduce Grass Carp populations via harvest may be difficult in large lake systems when fish are dispersed throughout the available littoral habitat. Upstream migrations were made by both diploid and triploid fish during conditions suitable for spawning, possibly explaining a motive for these large movements. These results may need to be considered with efforts to remove Grass Carp in large lake systems and for the utilization of triploid fish in observing Grass Carp movement behavior in natural systems.

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Hydrilla Management in Piedmont Reservoirs Using Herbicides and Triploid Grass Carp: A Case Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Chromosome aberrations in pressure-induced triploid Atlantic salmon

Chromosome aberrations in pressure-induced triploid Atlantic salmon

Effects of temperature on feed intake and plasma chemistry after exhaustive exercise in triploid brown trout (Salmo trutta L)

Habitat selection and movements of diploid and triploid grass carp in a large reservoir

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