Hydro-chemical analysis and ionic flux of meltwater runoff from Khangri Glacier, West Kameng, Arunachal Himalaya, India

Bisht, Himani; Arya, Prakash Chandra; Kumar, Kireet

doi:10.1007/s12665-018-7779-6

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, the results also show relatively high contribution of ions in the meltwater from the atmosphere in 2016, compared to that in 2015. Similar results of low contribution of ions in the meltwater of Himalayan glaciers from atmospheric precipitation are reported by other workers (Bisht et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2013;Singh et al, 2015;Singh, Keshari, & Ramanathan, 2019;Singh & Ramanathan, 2017). It clearly indicates that major portion of dissolved ions in meltwater of the Chaturangi glacier is mainly controlled by weathering of rock forming minerals.…”

Section: Sources Of Solutes In the Meltwatersupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Statistical analysis such as correlation matrix is a bivariate method mainly used to determine the relationship between two hydrogeochemical parameters for investigating the dependability of different variables among each other (Thilagavathi, Chidambaram, Prasanna, Thivya, & Singaraja, 2012;Bisht et al, 2018). Therefore, the correlation matrix could be helpful in evaluating the water quality of various environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally the concentration of dissolved ions in glacier meltwater depends on the mineralogy of bedrock, weathering reactions, composition and amount of atmospheric inputs and meltwater discharge (Singh & Hasnain, 1998). The mineralogy of surrounding rocks is necessary to understand better, the rock-water interaction processes, and their contribution in ionic concentration of meltwater (Bisht et al, 2018). The petrographic analysis shows that biotite [K(Mg,Fe) 4d).…”

Section: Sources Of Solutes In the Meltwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the petrographic analysis, we suggest that the cations such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + and K + show a good relationship with the mineral abundance of the rocks. The main sources of dissolved ions and mechanism controlling hydrogeochemistry of glacier meltwater can also be assessed on the basis of relationship among the ions and their ratios (Bisht et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2019;Sharma et al, 2013). The scatter plot between (Ca + Mg) and TZ + (Figure 5) shows that all plotted points fall above the 1:1 equiline with an average ratio of (0.59 ± 0.02) in 2015 and (0.58 ± 0.04) in 2016 (Table 1).…”

Section: Sources Of Solutes In the Meltwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eastern and central Himalayan glaciers receive moisture from the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM), whereas western glaciers pick up the moisture from the Mid Latitude Westerlies or Indian Winter Monsoon (IWM) (Dimri, Yasunari, Kotlia, Mohanty, & Sikka, 2016;Sharma et al, 2016). Hydrogeochemical study of the meltwater drained from different glaciers is important because of increasing demand of freshwater for population living in the downstream regions (Bisht, Arya, & Kumar, 2018). Such a study also provides important information about geology of the area, material loads into the oceans, atmospheric precipitation and types of rock weathering (Xu, Hou, An, Liu, & Dong, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeochemical analysis and identification of weathering processes to determine the solute sources in meltwater of Chaturangi glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Bisht

Kotlia

Kumar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper presents an insight on the major ion chemistry of Chaturangi glacier meltwater and chemical weathering processes to identify ionic sources and factors controlling the ionic composition of meltwater during the ablation year 2015 and 2016. The analytical results show that the meltwater is slightly acidic in nature with Mg-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3 dominated hydrochemical facies in years 2015 and 2016 respectively. In glacier meltwater, Ca2+ is the most dominant cation and HCO3-is the most dominant anion in both the years. Due to less anthropogenic influence, chemical weathering of the surrounding rocks is the foremost mechanism, controlling the hydrogeochemistry of meltwater. The gibbs plot and mineralogy of surrounding rocks suggests that ionic concentration of meltwater is mainly controlled by rock weathering with little contribution from the atmosphere. A comparatively higher contribution of (Ca+Mg) in total cations and higher elemental ratio of (Ca+Mg)/(Na+K) (1.47±0.14) and (1.44±0.28) in year 2015 and 2016 respectively, clearly demonstrates that chemical composition is mainly controlled by carbonate weathering and partly by silicate weathering. Furthermore, the low elemental ratio of (Na+K)/TZ-(0.41±0.02) and (0.22±0.05) in 2015 and 2016 respectively also suggests that carbonate weathering is a dominant geochemical process controlling meltwater chemistry of the study area. In addition the ion denudation rate was also calculated for both the years. The results shows that cation denudation rate of meltwater of Chaturangi glacier were 32.84 and 22.30 ton/km2/ablation during 2015 and 2016 respectively, whereas the anion denudation rates were 205.43 and 170.24 ton/km2/ablation in 2015 and 2016 respectively.

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Section: Sources Of Solutes In the Meltwatersupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Solutes In the Meltwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Solutes In the Meltwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeochemical analysis and identification of weathering processes to determine the solute sources in meltwater of Chaturangi glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Bisht

Kotlia

Kumar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Chemical weathering and CO₂ consumption in the glaciated Karuxung River catchment, Tibetan Plateau

Zhang

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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Climate factors play critical roles in controlling chemical weathering, while chemically weathered surface material can regulate climate change. To estimate global chemical weathering fluxes and CO 2 balance, it is important to identify the characteristics and driving factors of chemical weathering and CO 2 consumption on the Tibetan Plateau, especially in glaciated catchments. The analysis of the hydro-geochemical data indicated that silicate weathering in this area was inhibited by low temperatures, while carbonate weathering was promoted by the abundant clastic rocks with fresh surfaces produced by glacial action. Carbonate weathering dominated the riverine solute generation (with a contribution of 58%, 51%, and 43% at the QiangYong Glacier (QYG), the WengGuo Hydrological Station (WGHS), and the lake estuary (LE), respectively). The oxidation of pyrite contributed to 35%, 42%, and 30% of the riverine solutes, while silicate weathering contributed to 5%, 6%, and 26% of the riverine solutes at the QYG, WGHS, and LE, respectively. The alluvial deposit of easily weathering fine silicate minerals, the higher air temperature, plant density, and soil thickness at the downstream LE in comparison to upstream and midstream may lead to longer contact time between pore water and mineral materials, thus enhancing the silicate weathering. Because of the involvement of sulfuric acid produced by the oxidation of pyrite, carbonate weathering in the upstream and midstream did not consume atmospheric CO 2 , resulting in the high rate of carbonate weathering (73.9 and 75.6 t km À2 yr À1 , respectively, in maximum) and potential net release of CO 2 (with an upper constraint of 35.6 and 35.2 t km À2 yr À1 , respectively) at the QYG and WGHS. The above results indicate the potential of the glaciated area of the Tibetan Plateau with pyrite deposits being a substantial natural carbon source, which deserves further investigation. K E Y W O R D S chemical weathering, CO 2 consumption, glaciated catchments, pyrite oxidation, Tibetan Plateau 1 | INTRODUCTION Climate factors such as air temperature and precipitation play critical roles in controlling chemical weathering, while the mineral byproducts from the chemical weathering of surface material can regulate climate change (Berner et al., 2003;Godsey et al., 2019). Chemical weathering and climate warming are coupled via a potential negative feedback process-that is, mineral dissolution and chemical weathering of rocks

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Application of Geospatial Techniques for Monitoring the Cryospheric Elements of Glacier System in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR)

Tiwari

Kumar

Patley

et al. 2021

Water, Cryosphere, and Climate Change in the Himalayas

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Hydro-chemical analysis and ionic flux of meltwater runoff from Khangri Glacier, West Kameng, Arunachal Himalaya, India

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Hydrogeochemical analysis and identification of weathering processes to determine the solute sources in meltwater of Chaturangi glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Hydrogeochemical analysis and identification of weathering processes to determine the solute sources in meltwater of Chaturangi glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Chemical weathering and CO₂ consumption in the glaciated Karuxung River catchment, Tibetan Plateau

Application of Geospatial Techniques for Monitoring the Cryospheric Elements of Glacier System in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR)

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Hydro-chemical analysis and ionic flux of meltwater runoff from Khangri Glacier, West Kameng, Arunachal Himalaya, India

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Hydrogeochemical analysis and identification of weathering processes to determine the solute sources in meltwater of Chaturangi glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Hydrogeochemical analysis and identification of weathering processes to determine the solute sources in meltwater of Chaturangi glacier, Garhwal Himalaya, India

Chemical weathering and CO2 consumption in the glaciated Karuxung River catchment, Tibetan Plateau

Application of Geospatial Techniques for Monitoring the Cryospheric Elements of Glacier System in Indian Himalayan Region (IHR)

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Chemical weathering and CO₂ consumption in the glaciated Karuxung River catchment, Tibetan Plateau