Hydro-chemical assessment and GIS-mapping of groundwater quality parameters in semi-arid regions

Abstract

Groundwater quality assessment is vital to protect this resource. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the hydro-chemical quality of the Marvdasht aquifer located in the semi-arid region of Iran and to map the groundwater quality parameters. For this purpose, a mean data of 11 groundwater quality parameters collected from 49 wells (2010–2015) were used. Pie, Schoeller and Piper diagrams were used to determine the dominant ions and type of water. Ion ratios and Gibbs diagrams were used to illustrate the chemistry and processes in the groundwater. Spatial distribution of quality parameters were mapped using ArcGIS. Results showed that the water type is Na-Cl and Cl− with abundance orders of CL− > SO42− > HCO3− and Na+ with abundance orders of Na+ > Mg2 + >Ca2+ > K+ are dominant anion and cation, respectively. Gibbs diagrams revealed that geological formations control the groundwater chemistry in 66% of the groundwater samples. Based on the Wilcox diagram, only 24% of the samples fell into the C4–S4 class with high salinity and alkalinity hazard. The maps showed that generally groundwater in the north of the study site has better quality than that the south of the study site, where the existence of dolomite and chalky formations leads to decreasing water quality.

Impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on groundwater salinity in Punjab, India: some hydrogeoethics issues

“…2 ) interpolation are the weighted averaged values of surrounding sample points. Weights are computed by the inverse of the distance from an observation to an estimate (Burrough and McDonnell 1998 ; Setianto and Triandini 2013 ; Honarbakhsh et al 2019 ; Selvam et al 2014 ; Pande and Moharir 2018 ). where…”

Statistical Modeling for Spatial Groundwater Potential Map Based on GIS Technique

“…[1]. In provinces and territories located in the south of Iran with an arid and semi-arid climate, groundwater is the primary and sometimes the only resource for fresh water [2][3][4]. The demand for groundwater supplies for human consumption, including drinking, agriculture, industry, etc., has widely increased with the increasing human population in recent decades, with little opportunity to treat the wastewater.…”

“…The demand for groundwater supplies for human consumption, including drinking, agriculture, industry, etc., has widely increased with the increasing human population in recent decades, with little opportunity to treat the wastewater. Hence, groundwater quality analysis is vital to manage the groundwater reservoirs [1,3,5]. Therefore, in order to obtain an exact measurement of groundwater quality, conventional methods should be generally used for various groundwater-related parameters, along with their complexity.…”

“…Geographic information systems (GIS) as a visual tool provides applicable methods for manipulating spatial data [11] because these tools have prepared a timeand cost-saving way for groundwater quality evaluation [12,13]. Hence, groundwater quality mapping integrated with statistical modeling has been widely used for carrying out successful groundwater protection and management programs [1][2][3]. Many studies have used the combination of GIS and statistical methods for the spatial groundwater quality analysis [3,14,15].…”

“…Hence, groundwater quality mapping integrated with statistical modeling has been widely used for carrying out successful groundwater protection and management programs [1][2][3]. Many studies have used the combination of GIS and statistical methods for the spatial groundwater quality analysis [3,14,15]. Haghizadeh et al [2] applied GIS integrated with statistical techniques for analyzing the Broujerd region's groundwater in Iran.…”