Hydro-geophysical study in Al-Khogalab basement-sedimentary basin transition area using Vertical Electrical Sounding method, Khartoum State, Central Sudan

Zeinelabdein, Khalid A. Elsayed; Elsheikh, Abdalla E. M.; Bireir, Fathelrahman Ali

doi:10.15764/geos.2014.02001

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The variation in formation resistivity and pore water resistivity among the upper and lower aquifers across different logs contributes to the differences in porosity and storativity (Farrag et al, 2019). Accordingly, the differences in the distribution of hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity values between the upper and lower aquifers reflect varying permeabilities and thicknesses, with the deeper aquifers exhibiting higher transmissivity due to their substantial thicknesses (Zeinelabdein and Elsheikh, 2014). In general, the obtained values showed a close agreement with the results of (Elkrail and Adlan, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This uniformity is important for evaluating recharge mechanisms (Farah et al, 2000). On the other hand, aquitards identified at varying depths serve as geological barriers influencing vertical groundwater flow (Zeinelabdein and Elsheikh, 2014). The delineated aquifers are affected by these aquitards, which impact their connectivity and facilitate direct groundwater infiltration due to hydraulic gradient differences (Hussein and Awad, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1C shows the geological map of the study area. The Northern Khartoum state is in a transition zone between the basement igneous complex to the North and the sedimentary basin to the South (Zeinelabdein and Elsheikh, 2014). The main geological units in the study area are the Precambrian basement rocks, Cretaceous Nubian Formation, and recent deposits.…”

Section: Geography and Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters of the transboundary Nubian Aquifer system using geophysical methods

Mohammed,

Mohamed,

Szabó

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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The recent research aims to investigate the petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters of the Nubian aquifer system (NAS) in Northern Khartoum State, Sudan, using integrated geophysical methods, including surface electrical resistivity and geophysical well-logging. The Nubian aquifer is a transboundary regional aquifer that covers vast areas in Sudan, Egypt, Libya and Chad. The well-logs, including self-potential (SP), natural gamma ray (GR), and long normal resistivity (RS), are integrated with Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) measurements to delineate the hydrostratigraphical units. As a result, two aquifers are detected. An upper aquifer comprises coarse sand with an average thickness of 50 m and a lower aquifer of sandstone with more than 200 m thickness. For a thorough evaluation of the aquifers, in the first stage, the petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters, including formation factor, total and effective porosity, shale volume, hydraulic conductivity, and transmissivity, are measured solely from geophysical well-logs. In the second step, the results of geophysical well logs are combined with VES and pumping test data to detect the spatial variation of the measured parameters over the study area. As a result, the hydraulic conductivity of the Nubian aquifers ranged from 1.9 to 7.8 m/day, while the transmissivity varied between 120 and 733 m2/day. These results indicated that the potentiality of the Nubian formation is high; however, in some regions, due to the sediment heterogeneity, the aquifers have intermediate to high potential. According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the Nubian Aquifer in Khartoum state is ideal for groundwater development. This research discovered that geophysical approaches can be used to characterize moderately heterogeneous groundwater systems by comparing the Nubian aquifer with similar aquifer systems that have similar hydrogeological settings. This study emphasized the application of universal principles in extrapolating hydraulic parameters in hydrogeophysical surveys. This approach aims to reduce the costs and efforts associated with traditional hydrogeological approaches.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geography and Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters of the transboundary Nubian Aquifer system using geophysical methods

Mohammed,

Mohamed,

Szabó

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Natural vegetation, comprising bushes and trees like Acacia species alongside short-lived grasses during the rainy season, covers the remaining alluvial strips. Currently, large areas in Gash are dominated by Miscats trees (Zeinelabdein et al, 2017). In contrast, Gedaref state has seen its natural vegetation altered by mechanized farming, growing crops such as sesame, sorghum, and millet (Mirghani, 2002).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Assessment in the River Atbara Alluvial Sediments, Eastern Sudan

Nayl,

Magboul Elkrail,

Elsheikh

et al. 2024

MJS

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According to the standard rates for water testing, 45 wells were sampled and analyzed to evaluate and assess the groundwater chemistry, classify the hydrochemical facies, and identify the sources of salinity in the study area. The main constituents determined included Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Sulfate, Magnesium, Calcium, Nitrate, and Bicarbonate. Electrical conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total and Excess Alkalinity, and pH were measured on-site during field trips. Using Piper's diagram, chemical information was utilized to identify the groundwater’s chemical facies. Despite most chemical concentrations being within the Sudanese Standards and Metrology Organization (SSMO) and World Health Organization (WHO) standard limits, salinity hazards were observed in the middle part of the study area, such as in Shaoat Sherg, Almugatah Shreg, and Umm Oud villages, attributed to the concentration of sodium and chloride in basaltic rocks. The dissolved solids in the study area ranged between 200 to 800 mg/L. The values of calcium ranged between 6.4 to 90 mg/L. The magnesium ion concentration ranged between 4.8 and 90 mg/L. The sodium concentration ranged between 7 and 420 mg/L. The concentration of chloride ranged between 6 and 1098 mg/L. Potassium ranged between 1.2 and 46 mg/L. The concentration of bicarbonate ranged between 78 and 793 mg/L. The sulfate concentration ranged between 0.5 and 508 mg/L. The nitrate (NO₃⁻) concentration was found to be very small. Based on Piper’s diagram, the samples resulted in 60% being mixed groundwater type and 40% being Na-HCO₃, Na-Cl, and Ca-Mg-HCO₃ groundwater types. Most samples were deemed good for human and agricultural use. Only nine were found to be above the recommended values, with reference to SSMO (2002) and WHO (2008) standards.

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Innovative hydrogeophysical approach for detecting the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity in Bahri city, Sudan: A comparative study of Csókás and Heigold methods

Mohammed

Abdelrahman

Szabó

et al. 2023

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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Hydraulic conductivity is one of the crucial parameters used to identify the potentiality and productivity of groundwater aquifers. This research employs an integrated approach using geophysical well logging, exploratory factor analysis and surface electrical resistivity methods to detect the vertical and horizontal variation of hydraulic conductivity in Bahri city, Sudan. Based on the geophysical well logs of Spontaneous potential (SP), natural gamma ray (GR), and electrical resistivity (RS), Csókás method is used to determine the continuous variation of hydraulic conductivity along the aquifer. Csókás method is an experimentally modified version of the Kozeny–Carman equation and is based on the formation factor of the groundwater aquifer and the effective grain size. This approach is performed in three groundwater boreholes, and the obtained hydraulic conductivities showed a close agreement with that of the pumping test analysis. Furthermore, the hydraulic conductivity is measured using multivariate statistical factor analysis. This statistical approach relies on the correlation between the extracted factors and petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters. In this research, a strong negative linear correlation between the first factor and hydraulic conductivity is indicated. Consequently, a site-specific equation is suggested for continuous estimation of hydraulic conductivity along the aquifer. In the last stage, the results obtained from the Csókás method are interpolated with vertical electrical sounding (VES) measurements using to detect the horizontal variation of hydraulic conductivity throughout the studied area. This was achieved by combining the hydraulic conductivities of geophysical well logging and vertical electrical soundings to obtain a consistent estimation. As a result, the variation of hydraulic conductivity is obtained, and the average was 1.9 m/day which shows a close agreement with the average of the previous investigations (1.5 m/day). This approach is highly recommended since it can enhance data coverage, cutting down the expense of hydrogeological investigations and lowering the uncertainty of the hydrogeological models.

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Hydro-geophysical study in Al-Khogalab basement-sedimentary basin transition area using Vertical Electrical Sounding method, Khartoum State, Central Sudan

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Investigation of petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters of the transboundary Nubian Aquifer system using geophysical methods

Investigation of petrophysical and hydrogeological parameters of the transboundary Nubian Aquifer system using geophysical methods

Groundwater Quality Assessment in the River Atbara Alluvial Sediments, Eastern Sudan

Innovative hydrogeophysical approach for detecting the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity in Bahri city, Sudan: A comparative study of Csókás and Heigold methods

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