HYDROCARB-M sup SM  process for conversion of coals to a carbon-methanol liquid fuel (CARBOLINE-M trademark )

Steinberg, M.; Grohse, E.W.

doi:10.2172/5344243

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Steinberg , has proposed a noncatalytic fossil fuel decarbonization process at temperatures above 800 °C to produce particulate carbon as a means of producing H 2 for use as an energy source and thereby reducing the greenhouse gas, CO 2 . Muradov , has also attempted catalytic pyrolysis of methane to produce CO 2 -free hydrogen using alumina-supported Fe 2 O 3 and NiO (10 wt %) at 850 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Decomposition of Methane

2001

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Traditionally, hydrogen is produced by reforming or partial oxidation of methane to produce synthesis gas, followed by the water-gas shift reaction to convert CO to CO 2 and produce more hydrogen, followed in turn by a purification or separation procedure. This paper presents results for the catalytic decomposition of undiluted methane into hydrogen and carbon using nanoscale, binary, Fe-M (M ) Pd, Mo, or Ni) catalysts supported on alumina. All of the supported Fe-M binary catalysts reduced methane decomposition temperature by 400-500 °C relative to noncatalytic thermal decomposition and exhibited significantly higher activity than Fe or any of the secondary metals (Pd, Mo, and Ni) supported on alumina alone. At reaction temperatures of approximately 700-800 °C and space velocities of 600 mL g -1 h -1 , the product stream was comprised of over 80 volume % of hydrogen, with the balance being unconverted methane. No CO, CO 2 , or C 2 and higher hydrocarbons were observed in the product gas. High-resolution SEM and TEM characterization indicated that almost all carbon produced in the temperature range of 700-800 °C is in the form of potentially useful multiwalled nanotubes. At higher temperatures (>900 °C), hydrogen production decreases and carbon is deposited on the catalyst in the form of amorphous carbon, carbon flakes, and carbon fibers. In the noncatalytic thermal decomposition mode, at temperatures above 900 °C, graphitic carbon film is deposited everywhere in the reactor. Thus, the morphology of the carbon produced may be the controlling parameter in catalytic decomposition of methane. The efficient removal of the carbon from the catalyst surface in the form of nanotubes may be the key factor influencing catalyst performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Decomposition of Methane

2001

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“…Coal hydrogasification (CHG) is a very promising technology for clean and efficient coal utilization. − It has attracted more and more attention recently for its obvious advantages. For example, the hydrogasification reaction is exothermic, and thus, no additional heat is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direct product of hydrogasification is methane; therefore, no additional methanator is required. The hydrogasification process has high thermal efficiency, close to 80%, and there is no requirement for a catalyst . Many researchers from all over the world have contributed to the development of CHG, and the kinetic characteristics were also studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressurized Thermogravimetric Study on the Hydropyrolysis and Hydrogasification Kinetics of a Bituminous Coal

Yan

Hao

et al. 2014

Energy Fuels

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Coal hydropyrolysis (CHP) and coal hydrogasification (CHG) are two important processes during coal conversion in a hydrogen atmosphere. Much attention has been paid on this clean coal conversion technology because of its advantages. In this work, the CHP and CHG kinetic characteristics of a bituminous coal are studied in a pressurized thermogravimetric analyzer (P-TGA). The effects of the pressure on the CHP and CHG kinetics of the bituminous coal are detected with the non-isothermal thermogravimetric method. In addition, the kinetic compensation effect (KCE) and isokinetic points of the two processes are investigated. Besides, the kinetic triplets, including the pre-exponent factor, the activation energy and mechanism function are also calculated and defined for all of the cases during the CHP and CHG processes. Meaningful and interesting conclusions are finally obtained from this study. The initial pyrolysis temperature will increase with the reaction pressure when the pressure is within 3 MPa. The appearing time of the weight loss peak rate will be delayed when the pressure is lower than 2 MPa, and then it will become earlier gradually with the pressure increment. The weight loss peak rate will decrease sharply when the pressure is increased from 0.1 to 1 MPa, and then it will increase gradually with the reaction pressure increment. The KCE phenomenon during the CHP process is not detected, and the isokinetic point is not found. The KCE can be detected during the CHG process when the reaction pressure is within 3 MPa and the isokinetic point temperature is found as 1041.0 K.

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“…One of these technologies, the zero emission coal (ZEC) system put forward by the Zero Emission Coal Alliance (ZECA) and developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is expected to reach an efficiency of about 70% with nearly zero amount of CO 2 and other pollutants discharge, and it is based on the coal hydrogasification (CHG) technology. − In fact, hydrogasification of coal has attracted more and more attention recently for its unique advantages. For example, the hydrogasification reaction is exothermic, and thus, no additional heat is required; the direct product of hydrogasification is methane; therefore, no additional methanator is required; the hydrogasification process has high thermal efficiency close to 80%; and there is no requirement for a catalyst. , Some lab-scale experiments have been performed by researchers around the world to study the effects of different operating conditions on CHG products and char reactivity. − In addition, some semi-industrial hydrogasifiers have also been developed by some institutes, such as Cities Service, Rocketdyne, Pittsburgh Energy Research Center, and Brookhaven National Laboratory. − The development of mathematic models about CHG, however, lags relatively behind the applications, although some kinetic models about coal gasification with steam and/or oxygen have been reported in the literature, , which is unfavorable for the evaluation and optimization of coal hydrogasifiers. Blackwood et al , once proposed that coal hydrogenation was a two-stage process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Models for Coal Hydrogasification and Analyses of Hydrogasification Characteristics in Entrained-Flow Gasifiers

Yan

Pei

et al. 2013

Energy Fuels

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Coal hydrogasification (CHG) is a promising technology for clean and efficient coal utilization. However, the kinetic mechanism of CHG has not been fully understood, and multidimensional numerical simulations of CHG in entrainedflow gasifiers are still rarely reported. To evaluate and optimize hydrogasification parameters in an entrained-flow-bed gasifier, it is necessary to develop a reasonable CHG kinetic model and carry out the corresponding numerical simulations. In this work, a CHG kinetic model, including five homogeneous reactions and three heterogeneous reactions, is established. Thereinto, for the heterogeneous reactions, a novel combined random pore and shrinking-core model with pressure correction (CRPSC−PC) is put forward to predict the char−gas reaction process. When the CHG model is set up, it is then loaded to the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package, Fluent, via the user-defined function (UDF), and the simulation results are validated against literature-available experimental data for entrained-flow coal hydrogasifiers. Good agreements between the simulation results and the experimental data are detected, which indicates that the model is reliable and can be used to predict the effects of different operating parameters on entrained-flow CHG. Finally, the CHG properties in the cylindrical entrained-flow gasifiers are analyzed on the basis of the experiments reported in the literature, and the CH 4 concentration in the gasification product is found to increase with the increasing H 2 O concentration of the gasification agent, the increasing inlet temperature of the gasification agent when the H 2 O concentration is high, and the increasing gasification pressure when the H 2 concentration is high.

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HYDROCARB-M sup SM process for conversion of coals to a carbon-methanol liquid fuel (CARBOLINE-M trademark )

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Decomposition of Methane

Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Decomposition of Methane

Pressurized Thermogravimetric Study on the Hydropyrolysis and Hydrogasification Kinetics of a Bituminous Coal

Kinetic Models for Coal Hydrogasification and Analyses of Hydrogasification Characteristics in Entrained-Flow Gasifiers

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