Hydrocarbon poisoning: A review

Barium sulfate aspiration: Severe chemical pneumonia induced by a massive reflux of contrast medium during small bowel barium enema

“…Victoria et al [18] considered that cyanosis, tachypnea, moist rale or tubular breath sound availably prompted the probability of chemical inflammation. If the principal clinical symptoms of barium aspiration are not typical, detailed history and radiographic examination play a pivotal part in inhalation pneumonia.…”

Pediatric Hydrocarbon-Related Injuries in the United States: 2000–2009

“…Due to the high volatility and low viscosity of hydrocarbons, children attempting ingestion often aspirate the product, which leads to pulmonary injury. 6,13,14 The tendency of children to mimic adult behaviors, such as siphoning gasoline, and their potential to be attracted to the smell of some hydrocarbon substances may, in part, lead to these injuries.…”

“…2 Fatalities are uncommon, but hydrocarbon-related poisonings still represent the third leading cause of poisoning deaths in children #5 years of age. 2 Previous research largely consists of case reports 6,10,11 or has focused on trends in special populations, 12,13 has defined triage guidelines, 9 or has examined the mechanism of injury 14 or medical risks associated with hydrocarbon poisoning. 15 To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine hydrocarbon-related injuries in children #5 years of age over an extended time period using data from 2 nationally representative surveillance systems.…”

Kerosene oil lung injury in adults in the Kashmir valley of Indian Subcontinent: Unusual modes of exposure

“…Compounds with low viscosity and high volatility (e.g. gasoline, kerosene and lighter fluid) can spread over mucosal surfaces easily and rapidly [10]. The mechanism of oil aspiration is the failure of the mineral oil and other similar substances to evoke a cough reflex [11].…”