Hydrocarbon reactivities in the atmospheric photooxidation of nitric oxide

Gas and Particle Emissions from Automobile Tires in Laboratory and Field Studies

“…To evaluate the contribution of tire gases to atmospheric eye irritation and other smog manifestations, we relied on a number of reactivity measurements and eye irritation studies conducted during the past decade and compared the calculated reactivity of tire gases to automobile exhaust gas. Various measures of photochemical reactivity such as NO 2 production rate, 15 eye irritation reactivity, 16 and a composite reactivity suggested by Altshuller 17 were used. The Altshuller reactivity of tire gases is 80% higher than auto exhaust, while the eye irritation reactivity is 150% higher.…”

Hydrocarbon Reactivity and the Kinetics of the Atmospheric Photooxidation of Nitric Oxide

“…1 To aid in the application of these hydrocarbon reactivity measurements, the kinetics of the atmospheric photoxidation of nitric oxide have been studied.…”

The Reactivities of Gasoline Vapors in Photochemical Smog

“…By varying the hydrocarbon :NO a ratio, Altshuller and co-workers 21 observed a similar dependence between experimental conditions and the reactivity of n-butane. Glasson and Tuesday found quite low nitric oxide photooxidation rates for C4-C6 paraffins, 12 but the rates observed with these hydrocarbons are considerably greater than those obtained with benzene and other virtually inert hydrocarbons. 12 Thus, although the light saturates are much less reactive than olefins or aromatics (with the exception of benzene), the C4-C6 saturates cannot be considered totally unreactive under all experimental conditions.…”

“…Two means of assigning individual reactivites have been used herein: (1) the Public Health Service scale, which is based on smog chamber measurement considering both reaction rates and resultant biological effects of the reaction products, and (2) the actual nitric oxide photooxidation rates observed for a large number of hydrocarbons by Glasson and Tuesday. 12 The relative reactivity index for each mixture is obtained by linear summation of the hydrocarbon reactivities (mole-fraction times reactivity factor); such calculations have been discussed in detail earlier.…”

“…The relative reactivities predicted for the blends were calculated using the Glasson-Tuesday NO2 formation rates. 12 Each of the gasolines was irradiated (at a hydrocarbon concentration of 2 ppm expressed as C6 with 1.0 ppm NO X at 60% relative humidity) in the small glass chamber. For the relative rates of NO 2 formation, agreement between calculated and observed values is remarkably good, which supports Glasson and Tuesday's observation 14 that excellent agreement exists between measured and predicted NO2 photooxidation rates with actual gasolines.…”